🧫 Experiment Protocol
ClinicalAlzheimer's diseaseAPOESwedish community-based adults, mean age 58.1 years, 61% femaleproposed
This prospective cohort study examined the association between high-fat and low-fat dairy product consumption and dementia risk using data from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort in Sweden. The study followed 27,670 community-based participants for a median of 25 years (1991-2020). Dietary intake was assessed at baseline using a comprehensive diet history method combining a 7-day food diary, food frequency questionnaire, and dietary interview. Dementia cases were identified through the Swedish National Patient Register. The study specifically examined different dairy products including high-fat cheese (>20% fat), low-fat cheese, high-fat cream (>30% fat), low-fat cream, milk, fermented milk, and butter. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The study also examined effect modification by APOE ε4 status. Results showed that consumption of ≥50 g/d of high-fat cheese was associated with reduced risk of all-cause dementia (HR 0.87) and vascular dementia (HR 0.71). High-fat cream consumption ≥20 g/d was associated with 16% lower risk of all-cause dementia (HR 0.84). APOE ε4 noncarriers showed stronger protective associations with high-fat cheese for Alzheimer's disease.
PRIMARY OUTCOME
All-cause dementia incidence
EXPECTED OUTCOMES
Investigation of differential associations between high-fat vs low-fat dairy products and dementia risk, with hypothesis that dairy products may have protective effects
SUCCESS CRITERIA
Significant hazard ratios indicating protective or harmful associations between dairy consumption categories and dementia incidence
PROTOCOL
Prospective cohort study with comprehensive dietary assessment at baseline (7-day food diary, food frequency questionnaire, dietary interview), dementia case identification through Swedish National Patient Register, Cox proportional hazard regression analysis with adjustment for confounders, stratification by APOE ε4 status