Target DGAT1/DGAT2 inhibition or ATGL activation to restore metabolic homeostasis by addressing lipid metabolism dysfunction unique to APOE4 carriers
Curated pathway from expert analysis
flowchart TD
A["APOE4 Microglial Lipid Dyshomeostasis<br/>Excess Neutral Lipid Accumulation"]
B["DGAT1 DGAT2 Overactivation<br/>Diacylglycerol to Triglyceride Conversion"]
C["Lipid Droplet Overloading<br/>Organelle Function Impaired"]
D["ATGL Lipase Activity Reduced<br/>Impaired Triglyceride Lipolysis"]
E["DGAT1 DGAT2 Inhibitor Treatment<br/>A922500 DGAT1i or Prevents LD Formation"]
F["ATGL Activator Treatment<br/>Restores Lipid Droplet Turnover"]
G["Metabolic Homeostasis Restored<br/>Neutral Lipid Cleared"]
H["Microglial Phagocytic Function Recovered<br/>Amyloid Debris Clearance"]
A --> B
B --> C
D --> C
E -.->|"reduces LD formation"| C
F --> D
E --> G
F --> G
G --> H
style C fill:#7b1fa2,stroke:#ce93d8,color:#ce93d8
style H fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#a5d6a7,color:#a5d6a7No linked papers recorded for this hypothesis yet.
No curated PDB or AlphaFold mapping for DGAT1 yet. Search RCSB →
No clinical trials data linked to this hypothesis yet.
No curated ClinVar variants loaded for this hypothesis.
Run scripts/backfill_clinvar_variants.py to fetch P/LP/VUS variants.
No DepMap CRISPR Chronos data found for DGAT1.
Run python3 scripts/backfill_hypothesis_depmap.py to populate.
| Prediction | Predicted | Observed | Status | Conf |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IF ATGL is genetically activated (ATGL overexpression or ATGL activator) in APOE4 knock-in mouse astrocytes THEN spatial memory and hippocampal CA1 neuronal metabolic function will improve, with reduc | Improvement in Morris water mazelatency to platform (≥25% reduction vs. APOE4 controls), 40% reduction in hippocampal C16:0 and C18:0 ceramide levels via LC-MS/ | — no observation — | pending | 0.68 |
| IF DGAT1 is pharmacologically inhibited (e.g., with DGAT1 inhibitor A922513 or DGAT1-targeted siRNA) in human iPSC-derived neurons from APOE4 carriers THEN intracellular lipid droplet accumulation wil | Significant reduction in lipid droplet number (≥40% decrease) and mean size (≥30% decrease) as quantified by Adipored staining and high-content imaging, with co | — no observation — | pending | 0.75 |