Pathological retinal neovascularization (NV) contributes to vision loss in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinopathy of prematurity, which are the leading causes of blindness in working-age adults and children, respectively. Retinal hypoxia is a key driver of pathological neovascularization that results in uncontrolled vessel sprouting and the formation of immature and leaky blood vessels. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and laser therapies are the standard of care to mitigate vision los...