BACKGROUND: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) leads to severe mitochondrial dysfunction, which is a critical trigger of widespread neuronal apoptosis. Therefore, restoring mitochondrial homeostasis represents a key strategy for neuroprotection. Clinical observations suggest that the herbal pair Geum japonicum Thunb. var. chinense-P. decorata H. Andres (GJ-PD) shows therapeutic advantages in alleviating CIRI. However, its precise neuroprotective effects and underlying molecular mechanis...