L-carnitine (LC) and acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) aid in the transfer of fatty acids inside the mitochondria and may alleviate toxic syndromes marked by oxidative stress, poor β-oxidation, hyperammonemia, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The adjunctive role of LC/ALC in acute drug and chemical poisonings was assessed in this systematic study. Clinical studies, mechanistic models, and animal experiments involving LC/ALC in valproic acid, aluminum phosphide, organophosphates, paracetamol (acetaminophen)...