Figure 7Figure 7
Inhibitory agents targeting ferroptosis-induced oxidative stress. Ferroptosis is closely associated with ROS levels; thus, maintaining redox homeostasis is critical for its regulation. The Xc − –GSH–GPX4 axis functions as a primary ROS-scavenging pathway, and various compounds have been designed to modulate ferroptosis by targeting key components of this axis. More recently, the FSP1–CoQ10–NAD(P)H pathway and the mitochondrial DHODH-mediated pathway have emerged as additional regulatory targets of ferroptosis. NRF2 also plays a central role by activating the transcription of genes involved in antioxidant responses, thus serving as a redox-sensitive regulator. Accordingly, targeting the KEAP1–NRF2 axis represents a promising strategy for ferroptosis modulation. Molecules listed in the pink and green boxes act to inhibit or induce the respective redox-regulatory pathways, thereby suppressing or triggering ferroptosis. CBS, cystathionine β-synthase; CoQ10, coenzyme Q10; CTH, cystathionine