FIGURE 3Figure 3
Cx43‐KO leads to metabolic reprogramming in iPSC‐CMs. (A) Volcano plot of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between WT and Cx43‐KO iPSC‐CMs. (B) Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of upregulated DEGs between WT and Cx43‐KO iPSC‐CMs. (C) Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of upregulated DEGs between WT and Cx43‐KO iPSC‐CMs. (D–G) Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) demonstrating positively significant enrichment of metabolic‐related pathways including “tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle,” “fatty acid β oxidation,” “amino acid metabolism,” and “proline metabolism” in Cx43‐KO iPSC‐CMs. (H) Heatmap demonstrating the gene expression of proline metabolism between WT and Cx43‐KO iPSC‐CMs. (I,J) Volcano plots of differentially expressing metabolites (DEMs) between WT and KO‐1 iPSC‐CMs, as well as between WT and KO‐2 iPSC‐CMs. (K) Venn diagram of DEMs between WT and Cx43‐KO iPSC‐CMs. The DEMs are displayed in a box, and those involved in proline metabolism ar