Biomarkers Dashboard

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biomarker995 wordssynced 2026-04-02

Biomarkers Dashboard

The Biomarkers Dashboard is the central navigation hub for NeuroWiki's coverage of neurodegenerative disease biomarkers. With 158 dedicated biomarker pages spanning fluid, imaging, digital, and emerging modalities, this dashboard guides researchers, clinicians, and students to the most appropriate biomarker information. [@jack2018]

Coverage Summary

| Metric | Value |
|--------|-------|
| Total Biomarker Pages | 158 |
| Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers | ~35 |
| Parkinson's Disease Biomarkers | ~28 |
| ALS/SPECTRUM Biomarkers | ~18 |
| Fluid Biomarkers | ~42 |
| Imaging Biomarkers | ~24 |
| Emerging/Digital Modalities | ~30 |

Last comprehensive coverage review: 2026-03-29

By Disease

| Disease | Key Biomarkers | Pages |
|---------|---------------|-------|
| Alzheimer's Disease | p-Tau217, p-Tau181, Aβ42/40, GFAP, NfL | [Alzheimer's Biomarkers](/biomarkers/alzheimers-biomarkers) |
| Parkinson's Disease | α-Synuclein RT-QuIC, pSer129, NfL | [Parkinson's Biomarkers](/biomarkers/parkinsons-biomarkers) |
| ALS | NfL, pNfH, CHIT1, TDP-43 | [ALS Biomarkers](/biomarkers/als-biomarkers) |
| Dementia with Lewy Bodies | α-Synuclein, DAT imaging, REM sleep | [DLB Biomarkers](/biomarkers/dementia-lewy-bodies-biomarkers) |
| CBS/PSP | 4R-Tau, p-Tau181, NFL | [CBS/PSP Biomarkers](/biomarkers/cbs-psp-biomarker-validation-status) |

By Modality

...

Biomarkers Dashboard

Coverage Summary

Last comprehensive coverage review: 2026-03-29

By Disease

By Modality

| Modality | Description | Entry Page |
|----------|-------------|------------|
| CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid — gold standard | [CSF Biomarkers](/biomarkers/csf-biomarkers-neurodegenerative-disease) |
| Blood | Plasma/serum — least invasive | [Blood Biomarkers](/biomarkers/blood-based-biomarkers-neurodegeneration) |
| PET | Positron emission tomography | [Amyloid PET](/biomarkers/amyloid-pet-imaging), [Tau PET](/biomarkers/tau-pet-imaging) |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging | [DTI](/biomarkers/dti-alzheimers), [ASL Perfusion](/biomarkers/asl-perfusion-alzheimers) |
| Digital | Wearables, speech, gait | [Digital Biomarkers](/biomarkers/digital-biomarkers-alzheimers) |

By Biomarker Category

| Category | Key Players |
|----------|-------------|
| Tau | p-Tau181, p-Tau217, p-Tau231, total-tau |
| Amyloid | Aβ40, Aβ42, Aβ42/40 ratio |
| Synuclein | Total α-synuclein, pSer129, seed amplification |
| Neurodegeneration | NfL, neurogranin, SNAP-25, synaptophysin |
| Astrocyte/Microglia | GFAP, YKL-40, sTREM2, IL-6 |
| Genetic | APOE, GBA, LRRK2, MAPT |

AT(N) Classification Framework

The [AT(N) biomarker classification system](/biomarkers/atn-biomarker-classification-ad) categorizes biomarkers by the pathological process they measure: [@jack2018]

(A) Amyloid: Aβ42/40 ratio, amyloid PET
(T) Tau: p-Tau181, p-Tau217, p-Tau231, tau PET
(N) Neurodegeneration: NfL, total tau, volumetric MRI, FDG-PET

This framework enables biochemically grounded disease staging and is now standard in AD research and clinical trials. [@cummings2024]

Top Diagnostic Biomarkers

Alzheimer's Disease

| Biomarker | Matrix | Sensitivity | Specificity | AUC | Clinical Use |
|-----------|--------|-------------|-------------|-----|--------------|
| [p-Tau217](/biomarkers/ptau217) | Plasma | 90-96% | 85-92% | 0.95-0.97 | Diagnosis, staging |
| [p-Tau181](/biomarkers/ptau181) | Plasma | 85-92% | 82-88% | 0.90-0.94 | Diagnosis, screening |
| [Aβ42/40 ratio](/biomarkers/amyloid-beta-42-40-ratio) | CSF | 75-85% | 80-90% | 0.84-0.89 | Confirmed diagnosis |
| [Amyloid PET](/biomarkers/amyloid-pet-imaging) | PET | 88-94% | 83-90% | 0.90-0.93 | Definitive amyloid |
| [GFAP](/biomarkers/gfap-alzheimers) | Plasma | 70-85% | 75-88% | 0.80-0.87 | Astrocyte activation |

Parkinson's Disease / Synucleinopathies

| Biomarker | Matrix | Sensitivity | Specificity | AUC | Clinical Use |
|-----------|--------|-------------|-------------|-----|--------------|
| [α-Synuclein RT-QuIC](/biomarkers/alpha-synuclein-seed-amplification) | CSF | 82-88% | 94-98% | 0.90-0.94 | PD/DLB diagnosis |
| [pSer129 α-synuclein](/biomarkers/phosphorylated-alpha-synuclein-pser129) | Blood | 70-85% | 75-88% | 0.80-0.87 | Pathology staging |
| [NfL](/biomarkers/neurofilament-light-chain-nfl) | Plasma | 75-85% | 70-80% | 0.78-0.85 | Progression tracking |
| [DAT imaging](/biomarkers/dopamine-transporter-pet-imaging) | PET | 80-90% | 75-85% | 0.82-0.88 | Dopaminergic loss |

ALS

| Biomarker | Matrix | Sensitivity | Specificity | AUC | Clinical Use |
|-----------|--------|-------------|-------------|-----|--------------|
| [NfL](/biomarkers/neurofilament-light-chain-nfl) | Plasma | 78-88% | 78-85% | 0.84-0.90 | Diagnosis, prognosis |
| pNfH(/biomarkers/phosphorylated-neurofilament-heavy) | Plasma | 70-82% | 75-85% | 0.78-0.85 | Progression |
| [CHIT1](/biomarkers/chitotriosidase) | CSF | 65-78% | 80-88% | 0.76-0.83 | Disease staging |

Regulatory Status Overview

FDA Cleared / Approved

| Biomarker | Assay | Company | Date |
|-----------|-------|---------|------|
| Amyloid PET (Florbetapir) | [Avid Amyvid](/biomarkers/amyloid-pet-imaging) | Lilly | 2012 |
| Amyloid PET (Florbetaben) | [Neuraceq](/biomarkers/amyloid-pet-imaging) | Piramal | 2014 |
| Tau PET (Flortaucipir) | [Tauvid](/biomarkers/tau-pet-imaging) | Lilly | 2020 |
| CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 (Lumipulse) | [Lumipulse](/biomarkers/csf-biomarker-panels) | Fujirebio | 2022 |
| CSF p-Tau181 (Lumipulse) | [Lumipulse](/biomarkers/csf-biomarker-panels) | Fujirebio | 2023 |
| Plasma p-Tau217 (ALZpath) | [ALZpath Simoa](/biomarkers/ptau217) | ALZpath | 2024 |
| NfL (Neurofilament L) | [FDA LDT](/biomarkers/neurofilament-light-chain-nfl) | Various | 2020s |

Asian Regulatory Approvals

| Region | Agency | Status |
|--------|--------|--------|
| Japan | [PMDA](/biomarkers/atn-biomarker-classification-ad) | Approved: Aβ PET, Tau PET, Lumipulse CSF |
| China | [NMPA](/biomarkers/atn-biomarker-classification-ad) | Approved: Aβ PET, NfL LDTs |
| South Korea | [KFDA](/biomarkers/atn-biomarker-classification-ad) | Approved: Aβ PET, Lumipulse CSF |

Emerging Biomarkers — High Potential

These biomarkers have emerging evidence but are not yet fully validated for clinical use:

Blood-Based Biomarkers (2024-2025 Breakthroughs)

Plasma p-Tau217: Now approaching CSF accuracy with Simoa/ALZpath assays [@hansson2020]
Plasma p-Tau231: Detects earlier amyloid change than p-Tau181
Plasma GFAP: Highly specific for astrocyte activation in AD
Blood neurogranin: Synaptic dysfunction marker

Seed Amplification Assays

[α-Synuclein RT-QuIC](/biomarkers/alpha-synuclein-seed-amplification): PD/DLB diagnosis with >90% specificity
[Tau seed amplification (Bradbury)](#): 4R-tauopathy detection
[α-Synuclein PMCA](#): Blood-based detection

[Speech analysis biomarkers](/biomarkers/speech-cognitive-biomarkers-alzheimers): NLP-based early detection
[Gait biomarkers](/biomarkers/gait-biomarkers-alzheimers): Actigraphy-based motor analysis
[Retinal amyloid imaging](/biomarkers/retinal-biomarkers-alzheimers): Non-invasive optical screening
[Sleep-EEG biomarkers](/biomarkers/sleep-biomarkers-alzheimers): REM sleep behavior disorder as prodromal marker

Asian Population Coverage

NeuroWiki tracks biomarker performance across diverse populations:

| Cohort | Country | Biomarkers Validated |
|--------|---------|---------------------|
| [J-ADNI](https://www.j-adni.jp/) | Japan | p-Tau181/217, Aβ42/40, NfL, GFAP |
| [KBASE](https://www.kbase initiative.org/) | Korea | p-Tau181, Aβ42/40, NfL, multi-modal |
| [CANDI](http://candi-biomed.org/) | China | p-Tau181/217, Aβ42/40, volumetric MRI |
| [HAMS](https://www.nimh.go.jp/hams/) | Japan | p-Tau217, α-synuclein RT-QuIC |

Population-specific cutoffs are documented on individual biomarker pages. [@kawasaki2025]

Clinical Implementation Decision Tree

Mermaid diagram (expand to render)

Key Reference Pages

[AT(N) Biomarker Classification](/biomarkers/atn-biomarker-classification-ad) — Framework for AD staging
[CSF Biomarker Panels](/biomarkers/csf-biomarker-panels) — Recommended panel configurations
[Blood-Based Biomarkers](/biomarkers/blood-based-biomarkers-neurodegeneration) — Non-invasive testing guide
[Combination Biomarker Panels](/biomarkers/combination-biomarker-panels-ad) — Multi-analyte approaches
[Biomarker Rankings](/biomarkers/rankings) — Ranked by clinical utility

External Resources

[Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)](https://adni.loni.usc.edu/) — Longitudinal biomarker study
[Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI)](https://www.ppmi-info.org/) — PD biomarker program
[AMP-AD Consortium](https://www.nia.nih.gov/research/amp-ad) — Multi-cohort AD biomarker research
[MIRAGE Study](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10048239/) — Japanese AD biomarker cohort
[ClinicalTrials.gov — AD Biomarkers](https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?term=alzheimer%27s+disease+biomarker) — Active biomarker trials

References

[Jack et al., NIA-AA Research Framework (2018)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2018.02.018)

[Blennow & Zetterberg, Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (2019)](https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.1741)

[Hansson et al., Blood P-tau217 for AD diagnosis (2020)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2020.02.001)

[Pontecorvo et al., Florbetapir PET for amyloid detection (2019)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.01.008)

[Cummings et al., Alzheimer's disease drug development pipeline (2024)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2024.02.001)

[Kawasaki et al., Japanese cohort plasma p-tau217 for AD (2025)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39567890/)

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Biomarkers Dashboard

Biomarkers Dashboard

Coverage Summary

Quick Navigation

By Disease

By Modality

Biomarkers Dashboard

Coverage Summary

Quick Navigation

By Disease

By Modality

By Biomarker Category

AT(N) Classification Framework

Top Diagnostic Biomarkers

Alzheimer's Disease

Parkinson's Disease / Synucleinopathies

ALS

Regulatory Status Overview

FDA Cleared / Approved

Asian Regulatory Approvals

Emerging Biomarkers — High Potential

Blood-Based Biomarkers (2024-2025 Breakthroughs)

Seed Amplification Assays

Asian Population Coverage

Clinical Implementation Decision Tree

Key Reference Pages

External Resources

References

Biomarkers Dashboard

Biomarkers Dashboard

Coverage Summary

Quick Navigation

By Disease

By Modality

Biomarkers Dashboard

Coverage Summary

Quick Navigation

By Disease

By Modality

By Biomarker Category

AT(N) Classification Framework

Top Diagnostic Biomarkers

Alzheimer's Disease

Parkinson's Disease / Synucleinopathies

ALS

Regulatory Status Overview

FDA Cleared / Approved

Asian Regulatory Approvals

Emerging Biomarkers — High Potential

Blood-Based Biomarkers (2024-2025 Breakthroughs)

Seed Amplification Assays

Digital and Multi-Modal

Asian Population Coverage

Clinical Implementation Decision Tree

Key Reference Pages

External Resources

References