Subicular [Neurons](/entities/neurons) is an important cell type in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
Overview
The subiculum represents the primary output structure of the hippocampal formation, receiving convergent information from CA1 pyramidal neurons and distributing it to various cortical and subcortical targets. Subicular neurons integrate hippocampal output with downstream processing in the entorhinal [cortex](/brain-regions/cortex), prefrontal cortex, and mammillary bodies. This region plays crucial roles in memory consolidation, spatial navigation, and goal-directed behavior, and is affected in various neurodegenerative diseases. [@witter2006]
Neuroanatomy
Location and Subdivisions
Position: Border between hippocampus proper and [entorhinal cortex](/brain-regions/entorhinal-cortex)
Subdivisions:
Proximal subiculum (adjacent to CA1)
Distal subiculum (adjacent to entorhinal cortex)
Dorsal, intermediate, and ventral regions
Lamination: Superficial and deep pyramidal cell layers
Cellular Morphology
Cell body: Large pyramidal neurons (25-35 μm soma)
Apical dendrites: Extend toward molecular layer
Basal dendrites: Radiate into stratum oriens
Axon: Major output pathway (fornix, internal capsule)
Morphological diversity: Regular and modified pyramidal cells
Connectivity
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Subicular Neurons
Introduction
Subicular [Neurons](/entities/neurons) is an important cell type in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
Overview
The subiculum represents the primary output structure of the hippocampal formation, receiving convergent information from CA1 pyramidal neurons and distributing it to various cortical and subcortical targets. Subicular neurons integrate hippocampal output with downstream processing in the entorhinal [cortex](/brain-regions/cortex), prefrontal cortex, and mammillary bodies. This region plays crucial roles in memory consolidation, spatial navigation, and goal-directed behavior, and is affected in various neurodegenerative diseases. [@witter2006]
Neuroanatomy
Location and Subdivisions
Position: Border between hippocampus proper and [entorhinal cortex](/brain-regions/entorhinal-cortex)
Subdivisions:
Proximal subiculum (adjacent to CA1)
Distal subiculum (adjacent to entorhinal cortex)
Dorsal, intermediate, and ventral regions
Lamination: Superficial and deep pyramidal cell layers
Cellular Morphology
Cell body: Large pyramidal neurons (25-35 μm soma)
Apical dendrites: Extend toward molecular layer
Basal dendrites: Radiate into stratum oriens
Axon: Major output pathway (fornix, internal capsule)
Morphological diversity: Regular and modified pyramidal cells
[Allen Brain Atlas](https://portal.brain-map.org/) - Gene expression data
[PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) - Biomedical literature
Background
The study of Subicular Neurons has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development. [@kim2013]
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions. [@jarsky2005]