[PP2A](/entities/pp2a) (Protein Phosphatase 2A) is a major serine/threonine phosphatase that regulates numerous cellular processes including cell cycle progression, [apoptosis](/entities/apoptosis), metabolism, and signal transduction. The PP2A holoenzyme consists of a catalytic subunit (PPP2CA or PPP2CB), a structural A subunit (PPP2R1A or PPP2R1B), and a regulatory B subunit that determines substrate specificity.
Gene Overview
<div class="infobox infobox-gene"> | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | Gene Symbol | PPP2R1A | | Full Name | Protein Phosphatase 2 Scaffold Subunit A Alpha | | Chromosomal Location | 19q13.41 | | NCBI Gene ID | 5518 | | OMIM | 605983 | | Ensembl | ENSG00000114825 | | UniProt | P30153 | | Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's disease, cancer, intellectual disability | </div>
Overview
PPP2R1A is a human gene whose product pPP2R1A encodes the alpha isoform of the structural A subunit of PP2A, which serves as a scaffold for assembly of the heterotrimeric phosphatase complex[@xu2006]:. Variants in PPP2R1A have been implicated in Alzheimer's Disease, Neurodegeneration, Cancer. This page covers the gene's normal function, disease associations, expression patterns, and key research findings relevant to neurodegeneration.
Normal Function
PPP2R1A encodes the alpha isoform of the structural A subunit of PP2A, which serves as a scaffold for assembly of the heterotrimeric phosphatase complex[@xu2006]:
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PP2A (PPP2R1A)
[PP2A](/entities/pp2a) (Protein Phosphatase 2A) is a major serine/threonine phosphatase that regulates numerous cellular processes including cell cycle progression, [apoptosis](/entities/apoptosis), metabolism, and signal transduction. The PP2A holoenzyme consists of a catalytic subunit (PPP2CA or PPP2CB), a structural A subunit (PPP2R1A or PPP2R1B), and a regulatory B subunit that determines substrate specificity.
Gene Overview
<div class="infobox infobox-gene"> | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | Gene Symbol | PPP2R1A | | Full Name | Protein Phosphatase 2 Scaffold Subunit A Alpha | | Chromosomal Location | 19q13.41 | | NCBI Gene ID | 5518 | | OMIM | 605983 | | Ensembl | ENSG00000114825 | | UniProt | P30153 | | Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's disease, cancer, intellectual disability | </div>
Overview
PPP2R1A is a human gene whose product pPP2R1A encodes the alpha isoform of the structural A subunit of PP2A, which serves as a scaffold for assembly of the heterotrimeric phosphatase complex[@xu2006]:. Variants in PPP2R1A have been implicated in Alzheimer's Disease, Neurodegeneration, Cancer. This page covers the gene's normal function, disease associations, expression patterns, and key research findings relevant to neurodegeneration.
Normal Function
PPP2R1A encodes the alpha isoform of the structural A subunit of PP2A, which serves as a scaffold for assembly of the heterotrimeric phosphatase complex[@xu2006]:
Signal Transduction
Kinase/Phosphatase Balance: PP2A antagonizes numerous kinases including AKT, ERK, and GSK3β
Second Messenger Dephosphorylation: Regulates cAMP, Ca²⁺, and DAG signaling
Receptor Signaling: Modulates insulin, Wnt, and Notch pathways
[Janssens V, Goris J, Protein phosphatase 2A: a highly regulated family of serine/threonine phosphatases implicated in cell growth and signalling (2001)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11171037/)
[Xu Y, Chen Y, Zhang P, et al, Structure of the catalytic subunit of PP2A and insights into its regulation (2006)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17043710/)
[Liu F, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K, Gong CX, Contributions of protein phosphatases PP1, PP2A, PP2B and PP5 to the regulation of tau phosphorylation (2005)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16262633/)
[Hahn M, Winslow M, Fukuoka J, et al, PP2A subunit composition in human cancers (2012)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22454440/)
Pathway Context
Mermaid diagram (expand to render)
Pathway Diagram
The following diagram shows the key molecular relationships involving PP2A (PPP2R1A) discovered through SciDEX knowledge graph analysis: