PPP2R1A — Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit A Alpha
Overview
PPP2R1A encodes the regulatory subunit A alpha of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a major serine/threonine phosphatase in the brain. [PP2A](/entities/pp2a) is crucial for [tau](/proteins/tau) dephosphorylation, and its dysfunction is implicated in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. [@xu2020]
Introduction
PPP2R1A (Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit A Alpha) encodes the alpha isoform of the structural/regulatory subunit A of PP2A. PP2A is one of the most abundant protein phosphatases in eukaryotic cells and plays essential roles in regulating various cellular processes, including signal transduction, cell cycle progression, and tau phosphorylation dynamics in [neurons](/entities/neurons).
<div class="infobox infobox-gene">
| Property | Value | |----------|-------| | Gene Symbol | PPP2R1A | | Full Name | Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit A Alpha | | Chromosomal Location | 19q13.41 | | NCBI Gene ID | 5518 | | OMIM ID | 616981 | | Ensembl ID | ENSG00000101162 | | UniProt ID | P46821 | | Encoded Protein | PP2A subunit A (PR65-alpha) | | Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's disease, breast cancer, tauopathies |
</div>
Function
PPP2R1A encodes the alpha isoform of the PP2A subunit A, which serves as a scaffold for assembling the PP2A holoenzyme.
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PPP2R1A
title: PPP2R1A Gene
PPP2R1A — Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit A Alpha
Overview
PPP2R1A encodes the regulatory subunit A alpha of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a major serine/threonine phosphatase in the brain. [PP2A](/entities/pp2a) is crucial for [tau](/proteins/tau) dephosphorylation, and its dysfunction is implicated in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. [@xu2020]
Introduction
PPP2R1A (Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit A Alpha) encodes the alpha isoform of the structural/regulatory subunit A of PP2A. PP2A is one of the most abundant protein phosphatases in eukaryotic cells and plays essential roles in regulating various cellular processes, including signal transduction, cell cycle progression, and tau phosphorylation dynamics in [neurons](/entities/neurons).
<div class="infobox infobox-gene">
| Property | Value | |----------|-------| | Gene Symbol | PPP2R1A | | Full Name | Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit A Alpha | | Chromosomal Location | 19q13.41 | | NCBI Gene ID | 5518 | | OMIM ID | 616981 | | Ensembl ID | ENSG00000101162 | | UniProt ID | P46821 | | Encoded Protein | PP2A subunit A (PR65-alpha) | | Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's disease, breast cancer, tauopathies |
</div>
Function
PPP2R1A encodes the alpha isoform of the PP2A subunit A, which serves as a scaffold for assembling the PP2A holoenzyme.
Key normal physiological functions include:
Tau dephosphorylation — PP2A dephosphorylates tau at multiple pathological sites (Ser202, Thr205, Ser396, Ser404)
Signal transduction — Regulates various signaling pathways including PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and Wnt
Cell cycle control — Essential for cell cycle progression
Synaptic plasticity — Regulates [NMDA receptor](/entities/nmda-receptor) function and [LTP](/mechanisms/long-term-potentiation)
[Protein phosphatases](/mechanisms/protein-phosphorylation) — PP2A in phosphorylation
[PP2A](/proteins/pp2a-protein) — Related protein
Background
The study of Ppp2R1A Gene has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.