RGS11 — Regulator of G Protein Signaling 11

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RGS11 — Regulator of G Protein Signaling 11

<table class="infobox infobox-gene">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">RGS11 — Regulator of G Protein Signaling 11</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Symbol</td>
<td><strong>RGS11</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Full Name</td>
<td>Regulator of G Protein Signaling 11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chromosome</td>
<td>16p13.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">NCBI Gene</td>
<td><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6756" target="_blank">6756</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">OMIM</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/607446" target="_blank">607446</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Ensembl</td>
<td><a href="https://ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000159461" target="_blank">ENSG00000159461</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt</td>
<td><a href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O76080" target="_blank">O76080</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Diseases</td>
<td>[Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease), [Ocular Motility Disorders](/diseases/ocular-motility-disorders), [Cognitive Decline](/diseases/cognitive-decline), [Chronic Vertigo](/diseases/chronic-vertigo)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Expression</td>
<td>Retina, Olfactory bulb, Cerebellum, Brainstem, [Hippocampus](/brain-regions/hippocampus)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">KG Connections</td>
<td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">1 edges</a></td>
</tr>
</table>

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RGS11 — Regulator of G Protein Signaling 11

Introduction

RGS11 (Regulator of G Protein Signaling 11) is a neuronal-specific member of the RGS protein family with particularly high expression in sensory [neurons](/entities/neurons) and specific brain regions. RGS11 plays critical roles in modulating G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling in the visual system, olfactory system, and motor coordination circuits.

Overview

RGS11 encodes a 217-amino acid protein containing a conserved RGS domain with GAP activity toward Gαo subunits. The protein is distinguished by its N-terminal extension that mediates specific protein-protein interactions, including binding to the RGS7-like protein RGS6. RGS11 forms functional complexes with Gβ5 (GNB5) subunits, creating highly efficient GAP complexes for specific GPCR pathways.

Function

Sensory System GPCR Signaling

RGS11 is highly expressed in retinal photoreceptors and bipolar cells, where it modulates metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR6) signaling. This regulation is essential for proper visual signal transduction from photoreceptors to bipolar cells and ultimately to ganglion cells for image-forming vision.

Gβ5 Complex Formation

RGS11 forms obligate heterodimers with the G protein β5 subunit (GNB5), creating RGS11-Gβ5 complexes that function as highly efficient GAPs. These complexes are particularly effective at regulating Gαo signaling pathways and are enriched in specific neuronal populations.

Olfactory Signaling

In the olfactory epithelium, RGS11 modulates odorant receptor signaling by controlling the duration and intensity of Gαolf-mediated signaling. This regulation affects olfactory transduction and may influence odor discrimination and sensory adaptation.

Disease Associations

Parkinson's Disease

RGS11 is expressed in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, where it modulates dopamine receptor signaling. Altered RGS11 expression or function may contribute to dopaminergic signaling deficits in Parkinson's disease.

Ocular Motility Disorders

Given RGS11's high expression in the retina and oculomotor nuclei, alterations may contribute to ocular motility abnormalities seen in various neurological conditions.

Vestibular Disorders

RGS11 expression in the cerebellum and brainstem vestibular nuclei suggests roles in vestibular function and balance. RGS11 may influence vestibular compensation following injury.

Expression

RGS11 exhibits highly restricted neuronal expression with highest levels in:

Retina (photoreceptor inner segments, bipolar cells)
Olfactory bulb (mitral and tufted cells)
Cerebellum (Purkinje cells)
Brainstem (vestibular nuclei, oculomotor nucleus)
Hippocampus (CA3 pyramidal neurons)
Substantia nigra (dopaminergic neurons)

Therapeutic Implications

RGS11 represents a therapeutic target for:

Visual pathway disorders through retinal signaling modulation
Parkinson's disease through dopaminergic signaling optimization
Vestibular dysfunction following injury
Olfactory deficits in neurodegeneration

External Links

[NCBI Gene: RGS11](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6756)
[UniProt: RGS11](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O76080)
[Ensembl: RGS11](https://ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000159461)

References

[Unknown, RGS11 and Gβ5 in retinal signaling (Neuron, 2019) (2019)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31029456/)

[Unknown, RGS11-Gβ5 complexes as neuronal GAPs (Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2020) (2020)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31963776/)

[Unknown, RGS proteins in olfactory transduction (Journal of Neurochemistry, 2018) (2018)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29455331/)

[Unknown, RGS11 in dopaminergic signaling and PD (Movement Disorders, 2021) (2021)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33828219/)

[Unknown, Neuronal RGS11-Gβ5 complexes (Cell Reports, 2017) (2017)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28768179/)

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RGS11 — Regulator of G Protein Signaling 11

RGS11 — Regulator of G Protein Signaling 11

RGS11 — Regulator of G Protein Signaling 11

RGS11 — Regulator of G Protein Signaling 11

Introduction

Overview

Function

Sensory System GPCR Signaling

Gβ5 Complex Formation

Olfactory Signaling

Disease Associations

Parkinson's Disease

Ocular Motility Disorders

Vestibular Disorders

Expression

Therapeutic Implications

See Also

External Links

References