TRIM16 — Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 16

TRIM16 — Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 16

<div class="infobox infobox-gene">
<table>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color: #9b59b6; color: white; text-align: center;">TRIM16</th></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 10px;"><b>Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 16</b></td></tr>
<tr><th style="width: 40%;">Symbol</th><td>TRIM16</td></tr>
<tr><th>Chromosome</th><td>17p12</td></tr>
<tr><th>NCBI Gene ID</th><td><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10678" target="_blank">10678</a></td></tr>
<tr><th>OMIM</th><td><a href="https://www.omim.org/entry/609678" target="_blank">609678</a></td></tr>
<tr><th>Ensembl ID</th><td><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000131865" target="_blank">ENSG00000131865</a></td></tr>
<tr><th>UniProt</th><td><a href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Y2H9" target="_blank">Q9Y2H9</a></td></tr>
<tr><th>Associated Diseases</th><td>ALS, Parkinson's Disease, Neuroblastoma</tr>
</table>
</div>

Overview

TRIM16 — Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 16

<div class="infobox infobox-gene">
<table>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color: #9b59b6; color: white; text-align: center;">TRIM16</th></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 10px;"><b>Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 16</b></td></tr>
<tr><th style="width: 40%;">Symbol</th><td>TRIM16</td></tr>
<tr><th>Chromosome</th><td>17p12</td></tr>
<tr><th>NCBI Gene ID</th><td><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10678" target="_blank">10678</a></td></tr>
<tr><th>OMIM</th><td><a href="https://www.omim.org/entry/609678" target="_blank">609678</a></td></tr>
<tr><th>Ensembl ID</th><td><a href="https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000131865" target="_blank">ENSG00000131865</a></td></tr>
<tr><th>UniProt</th><td><a href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Y2H9" target="_blank">Q9Y2H9</a></td></tr>
<tr><th>Associated Diseases</th><td>ALS, Parkinson's Disease, Neuroblastoma</tr>
</table>
</div>

Overview

TRIM16 (Tripartite Motif-containing 16) encodes a member of the TRIM (Tripartite Motif) family of proteins with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. It is located on chromosome 17p12 and plays critical roles in [autophagy](/mechanisms/autophagy-lysosomal) regulation, [oxidative stress](/mechanisms/oxidative-stress) response, and [neuroprotection](/treatments/neuroprotection) against [protein aggregation](/mechanisms/protein-aggregation) in [neurodegenerative diseases](/diseases/neurodegeneration). [@hatakeyama2017]

Gene Information

| Attribute | Value |
|-----------|-------|
| Symbol | TRIM16 |
| Full Name | Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 16 |
| Chromosome | 17p12 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 10678 |
| OMIM | 609678 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000131865 |
| UniProt | Q9Y2H9 |
| Protein Length | 640 amino acids |

Function

TRIM16 possesses multiple functional domains that mediate its diverse cellular roles:

Domain Structure

Key Biological Functions

E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Activity

• Targets specific substrates for [proteasomal degradation](/mechanisms/ubiquitin-proteasome)
• Catalyzes ubiquitin chain formation (K63-linked, K48-linked)
• Regulates protein turnover in cellular quality control

Autophagy Regulation

• Cargo recognition: Binds to ubiquitinated protein aggregates
• Autophagosome formation: Recruits autophagy machinery to aggregate-prone proteins
• Lysosomal delivery: Facilitates fusion with lysosomes

Oxidative Stress Response

• Upstream sensors activate TRIM16 transcription under ROS conditions
• Protects [neurons](/entities/neurons) from oxidative damage
• Modulates antioxidant gene expression

Neuroprotection

• Clearance of toxic protein aggregates
• Maintenance of proteostasis
• Anti-apoptotic signaling

Disease Associations

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

TRIM16 mutations or dysregulation contribute to [ALS](/diseases/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis) pathogenesis:

• Dysregulated [autophagy](/mechanisms/autophagy-lysosomal) leads to accumulation of toxic protein aggregates
• Impaired clearance of TDP-43 inclusions (a hallmark of ALS)
• Motor [neurons](/entities/neurons) are particularly vulnerable

Parkinson's Disease

TRIM16 has protective effects against [alpha-synuclein](/proteins/alpha-synuclein) toxicity in [Parkinson's disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease) [@chandra2021]:

Alzheimer's Disease

TRIM16 may have relevance to [Alzheimer's disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease):

• Clears amyloid-beta aggregates through [autophagy](/mechanisms/autophagy-lysosomal)
• Protects against tau pathology
• Modulates [neuroinflammation](/mechanisms/neuroinflammation)

Neuroblastoma

TRIM16 has tumor suppressor functions:

• Acts as a transcriptional regulator
• Controls cell proliferation
• Induces apoptosis in cancer cells

Expression

Tissue Distribution

• High expression: Brain (cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum), lung, testis
• Moderate expression: Spinal cord, heart, kidney
• Low expression: Liver, spleen, peripheral blood cells

Cellular Localization

• Cytoplasmic: Diffuse cytoplasmic distribution
• Organelle association: Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
• Aggregation sites: Colocalizes with protein aggregates in disease states

Therapeutic Implications

TRIM16 represents a potential therapeutic target:

See Also

• [TRIM Proteins](/mechanisms/trim-proteins-family)
• [ALS](/diseases/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis)
• [Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease)
• [Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease)
• [Autophagy](/mechanisms/autophagy-lysosomal)
• [Ubiquitin-Proteasome System](/mechanisms/ubiquitin-proteasome)
• [Alpha-Synuclein](/proteins/alpha-synuclein)
• [Protein Aggregation](/mechanisms/protein-aggregation)

External Links

• [NCBI Gene: TRIM16](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10678)
• [UniProt: Q9Y2H9](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Y2H9)
• [Ensembl: ENSG00000131865](https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000131865)
• [GeneCards: TRIM16](https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=TRIM16)

References

Pathway Diagram

The following diagram shows the key molecular relationships involving TRIM16 — Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 16 discovered through SciDEX knowledge graph analysis: