TRPC5

TRPC5

Overview

TRPC5 (Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 5) is a neuronal-specific non-selective calcium-permeable cation channel highly expressed in the brain. It plays crucial roles in synaptic plasticity, neuronal development, and cognitive functions.

Gene Information

<div class="infobox infobox-gene"> [@trpc2003a]
<table> [@trpc2004]
<tr><th>Symbol</th><td>TRPC5</td></tr> [@trpc2010]
<tr><th>Full Name</th><td>Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 5</td></tr> [@trpc2012]
<tr><th>Chromosomal Location</th><td>Chromosome Xq23</td></tr> [@trpc2013]
<tr><th>NCBI Gene ID</th><td>[7225](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7225)</td></tr> [@trpc2020]
<tr><th>OMIM</th><td>[300334](https://www.omim.org/entry/300334)</td></tr> [@trpc2015]
<tr><th>Ensembl ID</th><td>ENSG00000120336</td></tr> [@trpc2014]
<tr><th>UniProt ID</th><td>[Q9P9X1](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9P9X1)</td></tr> [@trpc2015a]
<tr><th>Associated Diseases</th><td>Intellectual disability, Autism spectrum disorder, Epilepsy</td></tr> [@trpc2014a]
</table> [@trpc2014b]
</div> [@trpc2010a]

Function

TRPC5 is a member of the TRPC (Transient Receptor Potential Canonical) family with unique neuronal expression patterns and functions. It operates as a non-selective cation channel permeable to Ca²⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺ [1](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12584231/). [@trpc2013a]

TRPC5

Overview

TRPC5 (Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 5) is a neuronal-specific non-selective calcium-permeable cation channel highly expressed in the brain. It plays crucial roles in synaptic plasticity, neuronal development, and cognitive functions.

Gene Information

<div class="infobox infobox-gene"> [@trpc2003a]
<table> [@trpc2004]
<tr><th>Symbol</th><td>TRPC5</td></tr> [@trpc2010]
<tr><th>Full Name</th><td>Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 5</td></tr> [@trpc2012]
<tr><th>Chromosomal Location</th><td>Chromosome Xq23</td></tr> [@trpc2013]
<tr><th>NCBI Gene ID</th><td>[7225](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7225)</td></tr> [@trpc2020]
<tr><th>OMIM</th><td>[300334](https://www.omim.org/entry/300334)</td></tr> [@trpc2015]
<tr><th>Ensembl ID</th><td>ENSG00000120336</td></tr> [@trpc2014]
<tr><th>UniProt ID</th><td>[Q9P9X1](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9P9X1)</td></tr> [@trpc2015a]
<tr><th>Associated Diseases</th><td>Intellectual disability, Autism spectrum disorder, Epilepsy</td></tr> [@trpc2014a]
</table> [@trpc2014b]
</div> [@trpc2010a]

Function

TRPC5 is a member of the TRPC (Transient Receptor Potential Canonical) family with unique neuronal expression patterns and functions. It operates as a non-selective cation channel permeable to Ca²⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺ [1](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12584231/). [@trpc2013a]

Key functional characteristics: [@trpc2014c]

• Neuronal Specificity: Highly expressed in brain, particularly in hippocampal and cortical [neurons](/entities/neurons) [2](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12794204/)
• Gating: Activated by GPCR signaling, receptor tyrosine kinases, and mechanical stimuli [3](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14678653/)
• Synaptic Function: Regulates dendritic spine morphology, synaptic transmission, and plasticity [4](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20090051/)
• Development: Critical for neuronal development, axon guidance, and dendrite morphogenesis [5](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22984218/)

Disease Associations

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

• Intellectual Disability: Loss-of-function mutations cause X-linked intellectual disability [6](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23508784/)
• Autism Spectrum Disorder: TRPC5 variants identified in patients with ASD [7](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31927058/)
• Epilepsy: De novo mutations associated with epileptic encephalopathy [8](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25856570/)

Neurodegeneration

• Alzheimer's Disease: TRPC5 contributes to [Aβ](/proteins/amyloid-beta)-induced neurotoxicity and synaptic dysfunction [9](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26068443/)
• Parkinson's Disease: Altered expression in dopaminergic neurons [10](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25870322/)

Psychiatric Disorders

• Depression: TRPC5 antagonists exhibit antidepressant-like effects [11](https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3765)
• Anxiety: Modulation of TRPC5 affects anxiety-related behaviors [12](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24356543/)

Expression in the Brain

TRPC5 exhibits brain-specific expression: [@trpc2014d]

• [Hippocampus](/brain-regions/hippocampus): High expression in CA1-CA3 pyramidal neurons, dentate gyrus
• Cerebral [Cortex](/brain-regions/cortex): Layer V pyramidal neurons, interneurons
• Amygdala: Principal neurons and intercalated cells
• Basal Ganglia: Striatal medium spiny neurons
• Cerebellum: Purkinje cells

Therapeutic Implications

TRPC5 is a promising drug target for:

• Neurodevelopmental Disorders: TRPC5 activators may improve cognitive function [14](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23508784/)
• Depression/Anxiety: TRPC5 antagonists show therapeutic potential [15](https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3765)
• Alzheimer's Disease: TRPC5 inhibitors may protect against Aβ toxicity [16](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26068443/)

See Also

• [TRPC4](/genes/trpc4) - Related TRP channel
• [TRPC6](/genes/trpc6) - Related TRP channel
• [Synaptic Plasticity](/mechanisms/synaptic-plasticity) - Synaptic function
• [Calcium Signaling](/mechanisms/calcium-signaling-dysregulation) - Calcium homeostasis

External Links

• [NCBI Gene: trpc5](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/)
• [PubMed: trpc5](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=trpc5+neurodegeneration)

References