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Glymphatic System Dysfunction in CBS and PSP

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mechanism1786 wordssynced 2026-04-02

Glymphatic System Dysfunction in CBS and PSP

The glymphatic system is a macroscopic waste clearance system in the brain that operates primarily during sleep. Dysfunction of this system contributes to protein accumulation in neurodegenerative diseases, including corticobasal syndrome (CBS) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Both conditions involve 4R tau pathology, making glymphatic dysfunction particularly relevant to disease pathogenesis.

Overview

The glymphatic system is a macroscopic waste clearance system in the brain that operates primarily during sleep[@iliff2013]. Dysfunction of this system contributes to protein accumulation in neurodegenerative diseases, including corticobasal syndrome (CBS)[@hablitz2020]. In CBS, the glymphatic system's role in clearing 4R tau makes it particularly relevant to disease pathogenesis.

Glymphatic System Function

Waste Clearance Mechanism

The glymphatic system clears[@xie2013]:

  • Metabolic waste products: lactate, creatine
  • Soluble proteins and peptides: soluble tau species
  • Extracellular tau: including small aggregates
  • Amyloid-beta: though less relevant in CBS than AD
  • Other proteins: α-synuclein, TDP-43

Key Components

Critical elements of glymphatic clearance[@mendiola2020]:

  • Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels: Perivascular astrocyte expression
  • Perivascular tunnels: Virchow-Robin spaces
  • Convective flow: Driven by arterial pulsation
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): Primary clearance fluid
  • Sleep-Dependent Clearance


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