ATP2B1 Protein is a protein encoded by the [ATP2B1](/genes/atp2b1) gene. This page describes its structure, normal nervous system function, role in neurodegenerative disease, and potential as a therapeutic target. [@calmodulin] <table> [@pmcapsd] <tr><th>Protein Name</th><td>Plasma Membrane Calcium ATPase 1</td></tr> [@ankyrinb2019] <tr><th>Gene</th><td>[ATP2B1](/genes/atp2b1)</td></tr> [@nakatpase2005] <tr><th>UniProt ID</th><td>[P20020](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P20020)</td></tr> [@camkiipmca2018] <tr><th>PDB Structures</th><td>[5W5T](https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5W5T), [6A2O](https://www.rcsb.org/structure/6A2O)</td></tr> <tr><th>Molecular Weight</th><td>~127 kDa</td></tr> <tr><th>Subcellular Localization</th><td>Plasma membrane</td></tr> <tr><th>Protein Family</th><td>P-type ATPase (ER/SPCA family)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="label">KG Connections</td> <td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">1 edges</a></td> </tr> </table> </div>
Structure
The plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) is a P-type ATPase with distinct structural features:
ATP2B1 Protein is a protein encoded by the [ATP2B1](/genes/atp2b1) gene. This page describes its structure, normal nervous system function, role in neurodegenerative disease, and potential as a therapeutic target. [@calmodulin] <table> [@pmcapsd] <tr><th>Protein Name</th><td>Plasma Membrane Calcium ATPase 1</td></tr> [@ankyrinb2019] <tr><th>Gene</th><td>[ATP2B1](/genes/atp2b1)</td></tr> [@nakatpase2005] <tr><th>UniProt ID</th><td>[P20020](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P20020)</td></tr> [@camkiipmca2018] <tr><th>PDB Structures</th><td>[5W5T](https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5W5T), [6A2O](https://www.rcsb.org/structure/6A2O)</td></tr> <tr><th>Molecular Weight</th><td>~127 kDa</td></tr> <tr><th>Subcellular Localization</th><td>Plasma membrane</td></tr> <tr><th>Protein Family</th><td>P-type ATPase (ER/SPCA family)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="label">KG Connections</td> <td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">1 edges</a></td> </tr> </table> </div>
Structure
The plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) is a P-type ATPase with distinct structural features:
10 transmembrane helices forming the calcium channel
Actuator domain (A-domain): Involved in conformational changes during transport
Phosphorylation domain (P-domain): Contains the essential aspartate residue for ATP phosphorylation
Nucleotide-binding domain (N-domain): Binds ATP for phosphorylation
C-terminal regulatory domain: Contains calmodulin-binding site for activation
PMCA1 is one of four isoforms (PMCA1-4) encoded by separate genes with alternative splicing creating multiple variants.
Normal Function in the Nervous System
PMCA1 is the ubiquitous isoform essential for cellular calcium homeostasis:
Calcium extrusion: Pumps Ca2+ out of [neurons](/entities/neurons) against a 10,000-fold gradient