Psmb1 Protein is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes. [@bedford2011]
Overview
PSMB1 (Proteasome Subunit Beta Type 1) encodes the β1 subunit of the 20S proteasome core particle, which contains the caspase-like (post-acidic) proteolytic activity. The proteasome is the primary executor of the [ubiquitin-proteasome system](/mechanisms/ubiquitin-proteasome-system), responsible for degrading ubiquitinated proteins in eukaryotic cells. In [neurons](/entities/neurons), PSMB1 plays critical roles in maintaining [protein homeostasis](/mechanisms/protein-quality-control-network), regulating synaptic plasticity, and clearing pathological protein aggregates that accumulate in [Alzheimer's disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease), [Parkinson's disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease), and [amyotrophic lateral sclerosis](/diseases/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis). [@tsakiri2022]
<div class="infobox infobox-protein"> [@tai2008]
...
title: PSMB1 Protein
PSMB1 (Proteasome Subunit Beta Type 1)
Introduction
Psmb1 Protein is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes. [@bedford2011]
Overview
PSMB1 (Proteasome Subunit Beta Type 1) encodes the β1 subunit of the 20S proteasome core particle, which contains the caspase-like (post-acidic) proteolytic activity. The proteasome is the primary executor of the [ubiquitin-proteasome system](/mechanisms/ubiquitin-proteasome-system), responsible for degrading ubiquitinated proteins in eukaryotic cells. In [neurons](/entities/neurons), PSMB1 plays critical roles in maintaining [protein homeostasis](/mechanisms/protein-quality-control-network), regulating synaptic plasticity, and clearing pathological protein aggregates that accumulate in [Alzheimer's disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease), [Parkinson's disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease), and [amyotrophic lateral sclerosis](/diseases/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis). [@tsakiri2022]
<div class="infobox infobox-protein"> [@tai2008]
| Property | Value | [@dantuma2010] |----------|-------| [@liu2020] | Protein Name | Proteasome Subunit Beta Type 1 | | Gene | [PSMB1](/genes/psmb1) | | UniProt ID | [P20618](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P20618) | | PDB ID | [5MX3](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/5MX3) | | Molecular Weight | 26.4 kDa | | Subcellular Localization | Cytoplasm, Nucleus | | Protein Family | Proteasome beta subunit family | | Catalytic Activity | Caspase-like (post-acidic) |
</div>
Structure
The PSMB1 protein is a 241-amino acid subunit that contains the catalytic threonine residue (Thr1) at its N-terminus. It adopts the α/β fold characteristic of proteasome subunits.
The study of Psmb1 Protein has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
[PubMed: PSMB1 neurodegeneration](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=PSMB1+neurodegeneration) — Literature
References
[Groll M, et al., Structure of the 20S proteasome. Nature. 1997;386(6624):463-471 (1997)](https://doi.org/10.1038/386463a0))
[Unknown, Ciechanover A. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway: on protein death and cell life. EMBO J. 1998;17(24):7151-7160 (1998)](https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/17.24.7151))
[Thibaudeau TA, et al., Proteasome as a therapeutic target in neurodegeneration. Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(18):3260-3274 (2013)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23431944/))
[Bedford L, et al., Are there distinct forms of the proteasome in neurons? Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2011;98:415-432 (2011)](https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385506-4.00010-4))
[Tsakiri EN, et al., Proteasome dysfunction in neurodegeneration: recent advances. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2022;73:52-63 (2022)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2022.01.004))
[Unknown, Tai HC, Schuman EM. Ubiquitin, the proteasome and protein degradation in neuronal diseases. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008;9(11):826-838 (2008)](https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2499))
[Unknown, Dantuma NP, Bott LC. The ubiquitin-proteasome system in neurodegenerative diseases: precipitating factor, yet playroom for intervention. J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;20(1):S131-S146 (2010)](https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2010-100666))
[Liu Y, et al., Proteasome inhibition induces mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in dopaminergic cell death. J Neurochem. 2020;154(5):506-523 (2020)](https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.14938))