{"artifact":{"id":"paper-fig-paper-eba56eb9e84f-2","artifact_type":"paper_figure","entity_ids":"[]","title":"FIGURE 2 — Calcium Deregulation: Novel Insights to Understand Friedreich's Ataxia Pathophys","quality_score":0.5,"created_by":"paper_figures_tool","provenance_chain":"[{\"step\": \"paper_figures_backfill\", \"pmid\": \"paper-eba56eb9e84f\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-04-22T01:29:42.632076\"}]","content_hash":null,"metadata":{"pmid":"paper-eba56eb9e84f","caption":"Frataxin decrease causes oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes.  (A,B)  HL-1 cells, Scr and FxnKD, were loaded with 10 μM dihydroethydium (Het) and imaged over time.  (A)  The kinetic curve show an increase of Het, meaning an increase of cytosolic ROS in FxnKD cells (red).  (B)  Confirmed by the rate of the dye ( ∗ p  < 0.05).  (C)  Here it is shown the loading of the dye (red) and the transfected cells (green in the merge).  (D,E)  The kinetic curves and the histogram represent the increase of mROS measured with 1 μM CM-H2Xros. Mitochondrial ROS were significantly increased in FxnKD ( ∗∗∗ p  < 0.0005).  (F,G)  We report the results of cytosolic ROS in H9c2 cells, that also showed a relevant increase in FxnKD ( ∗ p  < 0.05).  (H–J)  Here we report similar mROS measurements in H9c2 cells ( ∗∗ p  < 0.005). Scale bar (20 mm).","image_url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/articles/PMC6176067/bin/fncel-12-00264-g002.jpg","paper_title":"Calcium Deregulation: Novel Insights to Understand Friedreich's Ataxia Pathophysiology.","figure_label":"FIGURE 2","figure_number":2,"_schema_version":1,"source_strategy":"pmc_api"},"created_at":"2026-04-21T18:29:40.747630-07:00","updated_at":"2026-04-21T18:29:40.747630-07:00","version_number":4,"parent_version_id":null,"version_tag":null,"changelog":null,"is_latest":1,"lifecycle_state":"active","superseded_by":null,"deprecated_at":null,"deprecated_reason":null,"dependencies":null,"market_price":0.5,"origin_type":"external","origin_url":null,"lifecycle_changed_at":"2026-04-21T18:29:40.747630-07:00","citation_count":0,"embed_count":0,"derivation_count":0,"support_count":0,"contradiction_count":0,"total_usage":0.0,"usage_score":0.5,"usage_computed_at":null,"quality_status":null,"contributors":[],"answers_question_ids":null,"deprecated_reason_detail":null,"deprecated_reason_code":null,"commit_sha":null,"commit_submodule":null,"last_mutated_at":"2026-05-16T14:51:34.657673-07:00","disputed_at":null,"gap_id":null,"mission_id":null,"intrinsic_priority":null,"effective_priority":null,"artifact_id":"ae2f453b-8d77-45e6-91b6-305df0349a20","artifact_dir":null,"primary_filename":null,"accessory_filenames":null,"folder_layout_version":1,"migrated_to_folder_at":null,"hypothesis_id":null,"authorship":{"kind":"human","contributors":[{"role":"author","actor_ref":"paper_figures_tool"}]},"epistemic_tier":"T3_provisional","created_by_agent_id":null},"outgoing_links":[],"incoming_links":[],"current_artifact_id":"paper-fig-paper-eba56eb9e84f-2","is_canonical":true,"supersede_chain":["paper-fig-paper-eba56eb9e84f-2"]}