FIS1 Protein

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FIS1 Protein

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FIS1 Protein

Introduction

<table class="infobox infobox-protein">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">FIS1 Protein</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Gene Symbol</td>
<td>FIS1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Protein Name</td>
<td>Fission 1 Protein</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Alternative Names</td>
<td>FIS1, TTC4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt ID</td>
<td>Q9NY3I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Molecular Weight</td>
<td>~17 kDa</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Protein Family</td>
<td>FIS1 family</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Subcellular Localization</td>
<td>Mitochondrial outer membrane</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/aging" style="color:#ef9a9a">Aging</a>, <a href="/wiki/als" style="color:#ef9a9a">Als</a>, <a href="/wiki/alzheimer" style="color:#ef9a9a">Alzheimer</a>, <a href="/wiki/atherosclerosis" style="color:#ef9a9a">Atherosclerosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/cancer" style="color:#ef9a9a">Cancer</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">KG Connections</td>
<td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">279 edges</a></td>
</tr>
</table>

Fis1 Protein is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

Overview

...

FIS1 Protein

Introduction

<table class="infobox infobox-protein">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">FIS1 Protein</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Gene Symbol</td>
<td>FIS1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Protein Name</td>
<td>Fission 1 Protein</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Alternative Names</td>
<td>FIS1, TTC4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt ID</td>
<td>Q9NY3I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Molecular Weight</td>
<td>~17 kDa</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Protein Family</td>
<td>FIS1 family</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Subcellular Localization</td>
<td>Mitochondrial outer membrane</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/aging" style="color:#ef9a9a">Aging</a>, <a href="/wiki/als" style="color:#ef9a9a">Als</a>, <a href="/wiki/alzheimer" style="color:#ef9a9a">Alzheimer</a>, <a href="/wiki/atherosclerosis" style="color:#ef9a9a">Atherosclerosis</a>, <a href="/wiki/cancer" style="color:#ef9a9a">Cancer</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">KG Connections</td>
<td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">279 edges</a></td>
</tr>
</table>

Fis1 Protein is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

Overview

FIS1 (Fission 1 Protein) is a small mitochondrial outer membrane protein that plays a critical role in mitochondrial fission. FIS1 recruits the dynamin-related protein [Drp1](/proteins/drp1-protein) to the mitochondrial surface to mediate membrane scission. It is essential for mitochondrial quality control, cell survival, and is implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases where mitochondrial dynamics are disrupted [@james2003][@stoops2008].

Protein Information

Structure

FIS1 has a simple structure:

N-terminal cytosolic domain — Interacts with Drp1

Single transmembrane helix — Anchors to OMM

C-terminal tail — In intermembrane space

FIS1 forms homodimers and higher-order oligomers to function [@liu2009].

Normal Function

Mitochondrial Fission

FIS1 mediates fission:

Drp1 recruitment — Adaptor protein for Drp1
Fission site selection — Marks fission competent sites
OMM constriction — Initiates membrane弯曲
ERGIC interaction — Connected to ER-mitochondria contacts

Cellular Functions

FIS1 regulates:

Mitochondrial quality control — Enables mitophagy
[Apoptosis](/entities/apoptosis) — FIS1 fragmentation during intrinsic apoptosis
Cell cycle — Mitochondrial distribution during division
Metabolic adaptation — Shapes mitochondrial network

Neuronal Functions

In [neurons](/entities/neurons):

Synaptic mitochondria — Maintains synaptic mitochondrial pool
Axonal transport — Mitochondrial distribution in axons
Dendritic branching — Regulates mitochondrial morphology
Neuronal survival — Balance of fission/fusion critical [@cheng2010][@liu2012]

Role in Neurodegeneration

Alzheimer's Disease

FIS1 is altered in AD:

Hyperfission — Increased FIS1 leads to excessive fragmentation
Mitochondrial dysfunction — Impaired mitochondrial quality
Synaptic loss — Defective synaptic mitochondria
Neuronal death — Contributes to neurodegeneration

Parkinson's Disease

Mitochondrial fragmentation — FIS1 increased in PD
PINK1/Parkin pathway — Works with mitophagy machinery
Dopaminergic vulnerability — Affects SNc neurons

Amyotrophic Lateral SALS

Motor neuron stress — FIS1 dysregulated in ALS
Mitochondrial quality control — Impaired mitophagy

Huntington's Disease

Mitochondrial dysfunction — FIS1 alterations in HD
Energy deficit — Contributes to neuronal dysfunction

Therapeutic Implications

Targeting FIS1:

Fission inhibitors — Reduce pathological fission
Modulation of Drp1 — Downstream of FIS1
Mitochondrial protectants — Broader approaches

Key Publications

PMID: 15107856(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15107856/) — Discovery of FIS1

PMID: 16005726(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16005726/) — FIS1 in mitochondrial fission

PMID: 16768085(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16768085/) — FIS1 structure and function

PMID: 19050071(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19050071/) — FIS1 and Drp1 recruitment

PMID: 21479819(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21479819/) — FIS1 in neurodegeneration

PMID: 28988823(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28988823/) — FIS1 in neurological diseases

Background

The study of Fis1 Protein has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.

Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.

External Links

[PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) - Biomedical literature
[Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative](https://adni.loni.usc.edu/) - Research data
[Allen Brain Atlas](https://brain-map.org/) - Brain gene expression data

References

James DI, et al, (2003) (2003)

Stoops EH, et al, (2008) (2008)

Liu J, et al, (2009) (2009)

Cheng A, et al, (2010) (2010)

Liu J, et al, (2012) (2012)

Wang W, et al, (2019) (2019)

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Related Entities

FIS1PROTEIN

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kg_node_id	FIS1PROTEIN
entity_type	protein
origin_type	v1_polymorphic_backfill
source_table	wiki_pages
wiki_page_id	wp-454bba582d14
__merged_from	{'merged_at': '2026-05-13', 'unprefixed_id': 'proteins-fis1-protein'}
_schema_version	1

📊 Evidence Profile

Evidence Balance

+0%

Certainty

45%

Debates

0

Incoming

9

Outgoing

10

0 supporting 0 contradicting 0 neutral

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📗 Cite This Artifact

FIS1 Protein

FIS1 Protein

Introduction

Overview

FIS1 Protein

Introduction

Overview

Protein Information

Structure

Normal Function

Mitochondrial Fission

Cellular Functions

Neuronal Functions

Role in Neurodegeneration

Alzheimer's Disease

Parkinson's Disease

Amyotrophic Lateral SALS

Huntington's Disease

Therapeutic Implications

Key Publications

See Also

Background

External Links

References

💬 Discussion