Role of TREM2 in neuroinflammation.

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is cell surface transmembrane receptor of the TREM family, predominantly expressed on microglia within the central nervous system (CNS). Accumulating evidence has highlighted a critical role for microglial TREM2 in modulating inflammatory signaling pathways, thereby influencing the course of neuroinflammation - a central pathological hallmark of various neurodegenerative and CNS disorders. In this review, we aim to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which TREM2 regulates neuroinflammatory processes, with a particular focus on the most recent advances in the field. A deeper understanding of TREM2-mediated signaling may uncover novel therapeutic targets and pathways with significant translational potential for treatment of CNS diseases.