| Prevalence | 1-5 per 100,000 population 3 |
| Incidence | 0.5-2 per million per year |
| Age distribution | Bimodal—peaks in childhood (median: 7 years) and adulthood (median: 35 years) |
| Gender distribution | More common in males in childhood; female predominance in adults |
| Ethnicity | No strong ethnic predominance, unlike NMOSD |
| Function | Cell adhesion molecule, involved in: |
| Expression | Oligodendrocyte surface, myelin sheaths |
| Immunogenicity | Highly species-conserved, targets for demyelinating antibodies |
| Isotype | Predominantly IgG1 (can fix complement) |
| Target | Conformational epitopes on extracellular domain of MOG |
| Primary oligodendrocyte injury | Direct demyelination |
| Less complement activation | MOG antibodies are less potent activators |
| Databases | OMIMOrphanetClinicalTrialsPubMed |