disease 2,625 words KG: ent-dise-f6af91d5 2026-03-24
kind:diseasesection:diseasesstate:published
Contents

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

Disease Info
Nutritional deficienciesSevere malnutrition from famine, poverty, or eating disorders
Hyperemesis gravidarumProlonged vomiting in pregnancy leading to vitamin deficiencies
Bariatric surgeryWeight loss surgery that can cause malabsorption of micronutrients
Chronic dialysisBoth hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis remove water-soluble vitamins
Thyroid disordersHyperthyroidism increases metabolic demands for thiamine
Gastrointestinal diseasesConditions such as Crohn's disease, celiac disease, or gastric bypass that impair nutrient absorption
Chronic diuretic useLoop diuretics increase thiamine excretion 8
Dorsal medulla lesionsLesions in the dorsal medulla oblongata affect the nucleus tractus solitarius and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve.
Periaqueductal gray matter involvementThe periaqueductal region shows similar necrotic changes, often with microhemorrhages.
Thalamic lesionsThe medial thalamus, particularly the dorsomedial nucleus, is frequently affected, contributing to the memory impairment characteristic of Korsakoff syndrome.
Cerebellar involvementThe cerebellar vermis shows degeneration of Purkinje cells and granular layer changes, contributing to the ataxia.
Cortical changesWhile less prominent than subcortical lesions, cortical neuronal loss and gliosis may be present, particularly in the frontal lobes 11.
DatabasesOMIMOrphanetClinicalTrialsPubMed

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