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Fig. 6: Peripheral immune cell trafficking and interactions in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)....
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Created: 2026-04-11T11:50:11
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Fig. 6Figure 6
Peripheral immune cell trafficking and interactions in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In AD, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, accompanied by increased vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) expression, facilitates immune infiltration. Major cell types include: (1) monocytes/macrophages with impaired phagocytosis and dysregulated pro-inflammatory/repair-associated microglia polarization; (2) dendritic cells engaged in amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance and antigen presentation; (3) T cells, pro-inflammatory Th1/Th17, regulatory Tregs, and cytotoxic CD8+; (4) B cells producing Aβ-targeting antibodies and inflammatory cytokines; (5) natural killer (NK) cells with heightened interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) release; and (6) neutrophils releasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), proteases, and forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Lymphatic drainage to cervical nodes and chemokine gradients, i.e., C-C motif chemokin
▸Metadata
| doi | |
| pmid | 41569436 |
| pmcid | PMC12891327 |
| _origin | {'url': 'https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/articles/PMC12891327/bin/10571_2026_1671_Fig6_HTML.jpg', 'type': 'external', 'tracked_at': '2026-04-11T18:50:11.798802'} |
| caption | Peripheral immune cell trafficking and interactions in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In AD, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, accompanied by increased vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and in |
| image_url | https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/articles/PMC12891327/bin/10571_2026_1671_Fig6_HTML.jpg |
| image_path | |
| description | |
| figure_label | Fig. 6 |
| figure_number | 6 |
| _schema_version | 1 |
| source_strategy | pmc_api |
| entities_mentioned |
📊 Evidence Profile
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