RPA1 Gene

RPA1 Gene

Introduction

<table class="infobox infobox-gene">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">RPA1 Gene</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Gene Symbol</td>
<td>RPA1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Full Name</td>
<td>Replication Protein A1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chromosomal Location</td>
<td>17p13.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">NCBI Gene ID</td>
<td>[9137](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9137)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">OMIM</td>
<td>[179835](https://www.omim.org/entry/179835)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Ensembl ID</td>
<td>ENSG00000132383</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt</td>
<td>[P27694](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P27694)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td>[Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease), [Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease), [Ataxia-telangiectasia](/diseases/ataxia-telangiectasia)</td>
</tr>
</table>

Rpa1 Gene is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

--- [@role]
title: RPA1 [@genomic]
:: infobox .infobox-gene
::

Overview

RPA1 Gene

Introduction

<table class="infobox infobox-gene">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">RPA1 Gene</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Gene Symbol</td>
<td>RPA1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Full Name</td>
<td>Replication Protein A1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chromosomal Location</td>
<td>17p13.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">NCBI Gene ID</td>
<td>[9137](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9137)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">OMIM</td>
<td>[179835](https://www.omim.org/entry/179835)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Ensembl ID</td>
<td>ENSG00000132383</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt</td>
<td>[P27694](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P27694)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td>[Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease), [Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease), [Ataxia-telangiectasia](/diseases/ataxia-telangiectasia)</td>
</tr>
</table>

Rpa1 Gene is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

--- [@role]
title: RPA1 [@genomic]
:: infobox .infobox-gene
::

Overview

RPA1 (Replication Protein A1) encodes the 70 kDa subunit of the Replication Protein A heterotrimeric complex, which is the primary single-stranded DNA binding protein in eukaryotic cells. RPA1 is essential for DNA replication by stabilizing unwound replication forks and for coordinating the DNA damage response by recruiting repair factors to sites of DNA lesions. In post-mitotic [neurons](/entities/neurons), RPA1 plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic integrity through base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair pathways.

Function

RPA1 (Replication Protein A1) is the largest subunit of the heterotrimeric RPA complex, which is essential for DNA replication, repair, and recombination. RPA binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) generated during DNA replication, repair, and recombination, protecting it from degradation and serving as a platform for recruitment of DNA repair proteins [1](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2020.03.013).

In neurons, RPA plays a critical role in maintaining genomic stability by facilitating repair of DNA damage from oxidative stress, which is particularly high in metabolically active neurons. RPA also participates in the DNA damage response that becomes dysregulated in neurodegenerative diseases.

Disease Associations

Alzheimer's Disease

RPA1 is involved in the DNA damage response that is chronically activated in AD brains. Neuronal DNA damage accumulates with age and in AD, and RPA-mediated repair becomes overwhelmed. Altered RPA phosphorylation has been observed in AD tissue [2](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.08.014).

Parkinson's Disease

Dopaminergic neurons are particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress and mitochondrial DNA damage. RPA1 dysfunction may impair repair of mitochondrial DNA damage in these neurons [3](https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.28456).

Ataxia-Telangiectasia

RPA acts downstream of ATM in the DNA damage response pathway. ATM phosphorylates RPA2 (a related subunit) to inhibit DNA replication and allow time for DNA repair.

Expression

RPA1 is expressed in all proliferating cells and in neurons. In the brain, it is expressed in the [hippocampus](/brain-regions/hippocampus), cerebral [cortex](/brain-regions/cortex), and substantia nigra. Neuronal expression is highest in regions with high metabolic activity.

Key Publications

Cross-Links

• [RPA1 Protein](/proteins/rpa1-protein)
• [RPA2 Gene](/genes/rpa2)
• [ATM Gene](/genes/atm)
• [DNA Repair Pathways](/mechanisms/dna-repair-neurodegeneration))
• [Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease)
• [Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease)

Background

The study of Rpa1 Gene has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.

Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.

External Links

• [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) - Biomedical literature
• [Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative](https://adni.loni.usc.edu/) - Research data
• [Allen Brain Atlas](https://brain-map.org/) - Brain gene expression data

See Also

• [RPA1 Protein](/proteins/rpa1-protein)
• RPA2 Gene
• RPA3 Gene
• [DNA Repair Pathways](/mechanisms/dna-damage-response-neurodegeneration) [DNA Damage Response](/mechanisms/dna-damage-response)
• [Ataxia-Telangiectasia](/diseases/ataxia-telangiectasia)

Pathway Diagram

The following diagram shows the key molecular relationships involving RPA1 Gene discovered through SciDEX knowledge graph analysis: