The YWHAG gene (Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase Activation Protein Gamma) encodes the gamma isoform of 14-3-3 proteins, a family of conserved regulatory molecules expressed abundantly in the brain. The 14-3-3 proteins are adaptor proteins that modulate intracellular signaling by binding to phosphorylated serine/threonine residues on target proteins. [@xiao2011]
Gene Information
Function
YWHAG encodes the 14-3-3 gamma protein, which performs several critical functions in [neurons](/entities/neurons):
Scaffold/Adaptor Function: 14-3-3 proteins serve as scaffolds that bring together multiple proteins in signaling complexes
Regulation of Protein Kinases: Interacts with and regulates activity of various protein kinases including Raf, Akt, and BCR-ABL
[Apoptosis](/entities/apoptosis) Regulation: Binds to and inhibits pro-apoptotic proteins like BAD and BAX
Signal Transduction: Modulates neurotransmitter receptor signaling and synaptic plasticity
Cytoskeletal Organization: Associates with cytoskeletal proteins affecting neuronal morphology
[Foote M, Zhou Y, 14-3-3 proteins in neurological disorders (2020)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.01.005)
[Yau W, et al, De novo missense variants in YWHAG cause neurodevelopmental disorder (2019)](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12484-x)
[Umahara T, et al, 14-3-3 protein and tau in Alzheimer's disease brain (2004)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2003.10.008)
[Xiao W, et al, 14-3-3 gamma protects against neuronal death (2011)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.09.027)
[Watanabe M, et al, Cerebrospinal fluid 14-3-3 proteins as biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases (2009)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2008.11.026)
[Berg D, et al, Cerebrospinal fluid 14-3-3 gamma is elevated in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease but not in other dementias (2003)](https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000078060.28658.52)
[Satoh J, et al, Molecular network of 14-3-3 gamma and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease (2007)](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-007-0266-x)
[Liu H, et al, YWHAG/14-3-3 gamma controls neuronal morphogenesis through regulating RUNX2 transcriptional activity (2022)](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-021-01125-x)
Pathway Diagram
The following diagram shows the key molecular relationships involving YWHAG Gene discovered through SciDEX knowledge graph analysis: