Sunovion is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., headquartered in Marlborough, Massachusetts. The company specializes in central nervous system (CNS) therapeutics and has a significant focus on movement disorders, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD)[@sunovion].
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Sunovion
Overview
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Sunovion is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., headquartered in Marlborough, Massachusetts. The company specializes in central nervous system (CNS) therapeutics and has a significant focus on movement disorders, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD)[@sunovion].
Sunovion's most notable contribution to Parkinson's disease treatment is apomorphine, which remains the only FDA-approved dopamine agonist for rescue therapy in PD patients experiencing "off" episodes. The company continues to develop novel formulations and delivery systems for Parkinson's disease management["@apomorphine"].
Apomorphine is a non-selective dopamine agonist with high affinity for D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5 receptors. Unlike oral dopamine agonists, apomorphine can be administered subcutaneously and provides rapid onset of action, making it effective for treating "off" episodes in PD patients[@apomorphine2005].
Approved Formulations:
Apokyn (injectable): Subcutaneous injection for acute rescue therapy
Apomorphine nasal spray: Under development for rapid "off" rescue
Clinical Use:
Apomorphine is indicated for the treatment of hypomobility ("off") episodes in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease who have an inadequate response to other therapies. It provides onset of action within 10 minutes and effect duration of approximately 60-90 minutes[@apokyn2004].
Apomorphine Subcutaneous Infusion (ABBV-951)
ABBV-951 (formerly known as ABBV-951, foslevodopa/foscarbidopa) is a subcutaneous infusion therapy developed through Sunovion's partnership with AbbVie. This continuous delivery system provides steady dopaminergic stimulation, potentially reducing motor complications[@abbv].
SEP-363856 is a novel trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist developed by Sunovion. Unlike traditional dopamine agonists, TAAR1 activation offers a non-dopaminergic mechanism for PD treatment, potentially avoiding dopaminergic side effects like dyskinesias[@sep2020].