| Gene Symbol | CTNS |
| Function | It functions as an H⁺-driven cystine symporter, coupling the efflux of cystine from the lysosomal lumen to proton import[1] |
| Subcellular Localization | to the lysosomal membrane |
| Amino Acids | 367 aa |
| Pathways | mTOR, mtor |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000040531 |
| GeneCards | CTNS |
| Human Protein Atlas | CTNS |
| Cystine Export | Transports the disulfide amino acid cystine (oxidized form of cysteine) out of lysosomes |
| Proton Coupling | Uses the lysosomal proton gradient (maintained by v-ATPase) as driving force |
| Redox Balance | By exporting cystine for reduction to cysteine in the cytosol, supports cellular glutathione synthesis |
| Lysosomal Homeostasis | Prevents cystine crystal accumulation that damages lysosomal membranes |
| Seven transmembrane domains | Form the transport channel for cystine |
| Lysosomal targeting motifs | GYDQL sequence in the C-terminal tail directs protein to lysosomes |
| N-glycosylation sites | Seven N-linked glycosylation sites in the intralysosomal loops |
| Associated Diseases | neurodegeneration |
| KG Connections | 2 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |