TLR7 Protein

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TLR7 Protein

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TLR7 Protein - Toll-Like Receptor 7

Introduction

Tlr7 Protein is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

<div class="infobox .infobox-protein"> [@bsibsi2002]
<table>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="background:#f0f0f0;">Protein Information</th></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Protein Name</strong></td><td>Toll-Like Receptor 7 (TLR7)</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Gene</strong></td><td>TLR7</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>UniProt ID</strong></td><td>Q9NYK5</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>PDB Structure</strong></td><td>5GMF, 5ZFM</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Molecular Weight</strong></td><td>~120 kDa</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Subcellular Localization</strong></td><td>Endoplasmic Reticulum, Endosomes</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Protein Family</strong></td><td>Toll-Like Receptor Family</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/als" style="color:#ef9a9a">Als</a>, <a href="/wiki/autism" style="color:#ef9a9a">Autism</a>, <a href="/wiki/autoimmune" style="color:#ef9a9a">Autoimmune</a>, <a href="/wiki/diabetes" style="color:#ef9a9a">Diabetes</a>, <a href="/wiki/inflammation" style="color:#ef9a9a">Inflammation</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">KG Connections</td>
<td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">98 edges</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>

Overview

...

TLR7 Protein - Toll-Like Receptor 7

Introduction

Tlr7 Protein is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

<div class="infobox .infobox-protein"> [@bsibsi2002]
<table>
<tr><th colspan="2" style="background:#f0f0f0;">Protein Information</th></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Protein Name</strong></td><td>Toll-Like Receptor 7 (TLR7)</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Gene</strong></td><td>TLR7</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>UniProt ID</strong></td><td>Q9NYK5</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>PDB Structure</strong></td><td>5GMF, 5ZFM</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Molecular Weight</strong></td><td>~120 kDa</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Subcellular Localization</strong></td><td>Endoplasmic Reticulum, Endosomes</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Protein Family</strong></td><td>Toll-Like Receptor Family</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/als" style="color:#ef9a9a">Als</a>, <a href="/wiki/autism" style="color:#ef9a9a">Autism</a>, <a href="/wiki/autoimmune" style="color:#ef9a9a">Autoimmune</a>, <a href="/wiki/diabetes" style="color:#ef9a9a">Diabetes</a>, <a href="/wiki/inflammation" style="color:#ef9a9a">Inflammation</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">KG Connections</td>
<td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">98 edges</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>

Overview

TLR7 (Toll-Like Receptor 7) is an endosomal pattern recognition receptor that recognizes single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) from viruses and synthetic compounds like imidazoquinolines. TLR7 is primarily expressed in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and other immune cells, where it plays critical roles in antiviral immunity and has been implicated in autoimmune and neurodegenerative conditions.

Structure

TLR7 is a type I transmembrane protein localized in endosomal compartments:

Domain Architecture

Signal peptide: N-terminal signal peptide
Leucine-rich repeats (LRRs): 23 LRR motifs for nucleic acid recognition
Z-loop: Protease-sensitive region important for ligand access
Transmembrane domain: Single pass transmembrane helix
TIR domain: Intracellular signaling domain

Structure-Function

Recognizes ssRNA in endosomal compartments
Requires acidified endosomes for activation

Normal Function

TLR7 plays critical roles in antiviral immunity:

Immune Recognition

ssRNA recognition: Detects viral ssRNA (influenza, HIV, HCV)
Synthetic ligands: Recognizes imidazoquinolines (R848)
Endosomal localization: Requires internalization for activation

Signaling Pathways

MyD88-dependent pathway: Activates [NF-kB](/entities/nf-kb) and IRF7

Type I interferon: Strong IFN-alpha production in pDCs

Pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-12

Cellular Functions

Antiviral immunity: Critical for viral RNA detection
pDC function: Major producer of type I interferons
Immune cell activation: Activates B cells, monocytes

Role in Disease

Alzheimer Disease

TLR7 activation may contribute to neuroinflammation
May recognize viral or endogenous RNA in brain
TLR7+ [microglia](/cell-types/microglia-neuroinflammation) in AD brain regions

Parkinson Disease

TLR7 can be activated by extracellular RNA from dying neurons
Contributes to microglial activation and neuroinflammation

Viral Encephalitis

Critical for antiviral responses in CNS
Excessive activation can contribute to immunopathology

Expression

| Cell Type | Expression Level | Notes |
|----------|-----------------|-------|
| Plasmacytoid DCs | Very High | Primary expression site |
| Monocytes | Moderate | Myeloid lineage |
| B Cells | Moderate | Some expression |
| Microglia | Low-Moderate | Brain expression |
| [Neurons](/entities/neurons) | Low | Limited expression |

Therapeutic Targeting

| Approach | Agent | Status | Notes |
|----------|-------|--------|-------|
| TLR7 Antagonists | IRS-661, OTC-654 | Research | Block signaling |
| Anti-viral therapy | Nucleotide analogs | Clinical | Viral diseases |
| Immunomodulation | Hydroxychloroquine | Used in SLE | Clinical |

Protein Interactions

MyD88: Primary adaptor protein
IRF7: Transcription factor for IFN production
UNC93B1: Required for endosomal trafficking
AP-1: Transcription factor activation

Background

The study of Tlr7 Protein has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.

Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.

External Links

[UniProt: TLR7](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NYK5)
[PDB: TLR7](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/pdbe-search?targetUrl=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/pdb/5gmf)
[NCBI Protein: TLR7](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/51284)

References

Diebold SS, Kaisho T, Hemmi H, Akira S, Reis e Sousa C, Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA (2004)

Bsibsi M, Ravid R, Gveric D, van Noort JM, Broad expression of Toll-like receptors in the human central nervous system (2002)

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Related Entities

TLR7PROTEIN

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📊 Evidence Profile

Evidence Balance

+0%

Certainty

45%

Debates

0

Incoming

9

Outgoing

10

0 supporting 0 contradicting 0 neutral

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📗 Cite This Artifact

TLR7 Protein

TLR7 Protein - Toll-Like Receptor 7

Introduction

Overview

TLR7 Protein - Toll-Like Receptor 7

Introduction

Overview

Structure

Domain Architecture

Structure-Function

Normal Function

Immune Recognition

Signaling Pathways

Cellular Functions

Role in Disease

Alzheimer Disease

Parkinson Disease

Viral Encephalitis

Expression

Therapeutic Targeting

Protein Interactions

Background

See Also

External Links

References

💬 Discussion