| Gene Symbol | ALPHASYNUCLEINSEEDAMPLIFICATION |
| 2016 | First successful adaptation of RT-QuIC for α-syn detection in CSF[@balke2021] |
| 2018 | Demonstration of PMCA for α-syn in PD CSF samples[@groveman2021] |
| 2020-2022 | Multi-center validation studies confirming high sensitivity and specificity |
| 2023-2024 | Clinical translation efforts and regulatory engagement |
| Sample Types | CSF is the most common sample, though olfactory mucosa, skin biopsy, and blood have been tested. Pre-analytical standardization is critical for reproducible results. |
| Performance | Sensitivity for Parkinson's disease exceeds 90% in many studies, with specificity above 90% for controls. Performance varies based on assay conditions and patient populations. |
| Advantages | High sensitivity, relatively rapid (24-72 hours), does not require specialized equipment beyond a plate reader, adaptable to high-throughput screening. |
| Limitations | Requires optimization for each sample type, can produce false positives in some conditions, inter-lab variability remains a challenge. |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |