ANXA2 Protein — Annexin A2

ANXA2 Protein

Introduction

Anxa2 Protein — Annexin A2 is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

<div class="infobox infobox-protein">
<span class="infobox-title">ANXA2 Protein</span>
| Property | Value |
|----------|-------|
| Protein Name | Annexin A2 (p36) |
| Gene Symbol | ANXA2 |
| UniProt ID | P07355 |
| Molecular Weight | ~36 kDa |
| Subcellular Location | Cytoplasm, Plasma membrane, Nucleus |
| Protein Family | Annexin family |
| Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Cancer, Acute Myeloid Leukemia |
</div>

Overview

ANXA2 (Annexin A2) is a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein that participates in various cellular processes including membrane organization, endocytosis, and signal transduction. ANXA2 exists as both a monomer and heterotetramer with S100A10, and has been implicated in neurodegeneration and cancer[@gerke2022].

Structure

The ANXA2 protein contains:

• N-terminal domain: Unique to each annexin
• Core domain: Four annexin repeats
• Calcium-binding sites: EF-hand motifs

Domains

| Domain | Residues | Function |
|--------|----------|----------|
| N-terminus | 1-30 | S100A10 binding |
| Repeat I | 31-100 | Calcium binding |
| Repeat II | 101-170 | Calcium binding |
| Repeat III | 171-240 | Calcium binding |
| Repeat IV | 241-338 | Calcium binding |

Normal Function

ANXA2 Protein

Introduction

Anxa2 Protein — Annexin A2 is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

<div class="infobox infobox-protein">
<span class="infobox-title">ANXA2 Protein</span>
| Property | Value |
|----------|-------|
| Protein Name | Annexin A2 (p36) |
| Gene Symbol | ANXA2 |
| UniProt ID | P07355 |
| Molecular Weight | ~36 kDa |
| Subcellular Location | Cytoplasm, Plasma membrane, Nucleus |
| Protein Family | Annexin family |
| Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Cancer, Acute Myeloid Leukemia |
</div>

Overview

ANXA2 (Annexin A2) is a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein that participates in various cellular processes including membrane organization, endocytosis, and signal transduction. ANXA2 exists as both a monomer and heterotetramer with S100A10, and has been implicated in neurodegeneration and cancer[@gerke2022].

Structure

The ANXA2 protein contains:

• N-terminal domain: Unique to each annexin
• Core domain: Four annexin repeats
• Calcium-binding sites: EF-hand motifs

Domains

| Domain | Residues | Function |
|--------|----------|----------|
| N-terminus | 1-30 | S100A10 binding |
| Repeat I | 31-100 | Calcium binding |
| Repeat II | 101-170 | Calcium binding |
| Repeat III | 171-240 | Calcium binding |
| Repeat IV | 241-338 | Calcium binding |

Normal Function

ANXA2 functions as[@moss2021]:

• Membrane organizer: Phospholipid binding
• S100A10 partner: Forms heterotetramer (AIIt)
• Endocytosis: Vesicle trafficking
• Signal transduction: Second messenger pathways
• F-actin binding: Cytoskeletal organization

Tetramer Formation

The ANXA2-S100A10 heterotetramer:

• Two ANXA2 monomers
• Two S100A10 monomers
• Stabilized by N-terminal interactions
• Required for some functions

Molecular Mechanisms

Membrane Dynamics

ANXA2 participates in:

Signaling

ANXA2 in signal transduction:

• Tyrosine phosphorylation: By Src family kinases
• Serine phosphorylation: By PKC
• Protein interactions: Multiple partners

Disease Associations

Alzheimer's Disease

In AD[@liu2022]:

• Present in amyloid plaques
• Binds [Aβ](/proteins/amyloid-beta) peptides
• May affect aggregation
• Therapeutic target

Parkinson's Disease

In PD:

• Found in Lewy bodies
• May interact with [α-synuclein](/proteins/alpha-synuclein)
• Affects dopaminergic cells
• Potential biomarker

Cancer

In oncology[@zhao2023]:

• Overexpressed in many cancers
• Promotes proliferation
• Angiogenesis support
• Prognostic marker

Other Conditions

• AML: Expression changes
• Autoimmune: Antiphospholipid syndrome
• Infection: Viral entry

Expression Pattern

| Tissue | Expression | Notes |
|--------|------------|-------|
| Endothelium | High | Vascular function |
| Epithelium | Moderate | Tissue-specific |
| [Neurons](/entities/neurons) | Moderate | Brain function |
| Immune cells | Variable | Activation-dependent |

Therapeutic Targeting

| Strategy | Approach | Status | Notes |
|----------|----------|--------|-------|
| ANXA2 Inhibitors | Cancer therapy | Research | Cytotoxicity |
| Antibodies | Diagnostic | Research | Biomarker |
| Peptides | Therapy | Research | Disrupt function |

Animal Models

Knockout Mice

Anxa2 knockout mice show:

• Embryonic lethality (some backgrounds)
• Endothelial abnormalities
• Impaired endocytosis

Transgenic Models

• Overexpression in tumors
• Neurological models

Background

The study of Anxa2 Protein — Annexin A2 has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.

Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.

See Also

• [ANXA2 Gene — ANXA2 gene](/genes/anxa2)
• [ANXA1 Protein — Related annexin](/genes/rel)
• [Neuroinflammation — Inflammation mechanisms](/content/mechanisms)
• [Alzheimer's Disease — Alzheimer's disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease)

External Links

• [UniProt: ANXA2](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P07355)
• [NCBI Gene: ANXA2](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/303)

References