The Orbitofrontal [Cortex](/brain-regions/cortex) (OFC) is a prefrontal region located on the orbital surface of the frontal lobe, constituting a critical node in the brain's reward and decision-making circuitry. The OFC plays essential roles in value-based decision-making, reward processing, emotion regulation, and social cognition. These functions are mediated by a diverse population of pyramidal neurons and interneurons that integrate information from sensory, limbic, and executive brain regions [1](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20335548/). OFC dysfunction is implicated in numerous psychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions. [@kringelbach2004]
The Orbitofrontal [Cortex](/brain-regions/cortex) (OFC) is a prefrontal region located on the orbital surface of the frontal lobe, constituting a critical node in the brain's reward and decision-making circuitry. The OFC plays essential roles in value-based decision-making, reward processing, emotion regulation, and social cognition. These functions are mediated by a diverse population of pyramidal neurons and interneurons that integrate information from sensory, limbic, and executive brain regions [1](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20335548/). OFC dysfunction is implicated in numerous psychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions. [@kringelbach2004]
Overview
Mermaid diagram (expand to render)
Anatomical Organization
Subregions
The OFC comprises multiple subregions with distinct functions:
Lateral OFC (BA 47/12): Value computation, sensory integration
The study of Orbitofrontal Cortex [Neurons](/entities/neurons) has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
Pathway Diagram
The following diagram shows the key molecular relationships involving Orbitofrontal Cortex Neurons discovered through SciDEX knowledge graph analysis: