| Involuntary crying | Episodes of crying without sadness or appropriate trigger |
| Involuntary laughing | Episodes of laughing without humor or appropriate trigger |
| Mixed episodes | Both laughing and crying in rapid succession |
| Triggered episodes | Often provoked by minor stimuli (e.g., slight frustration) |
| Duration | Typically seconds to minutes |
| Awareness | Patients often retain insight during episodes |
| Databases | OMIMOrphanetClinicalTrialsPubMed |