RhoA Protein

RhoA Protein

Introduction

Rhoa Protein is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

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<div class="infobox infobox-protein">
|+ RhoA Protein
! Protein Name
| RhoA Protein
! Gene
| [RHOA](/genes/rhoa)
! UniProt ID
| [P61586](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P61586)
! PDB IDs
| 1TX4, 1CEK
! Molecular Weight
| 19.7 kDa
! Subcellular Localization
| Cell membrane, Cytoplasm
! Protein Family
| Rho GTPase family
</div>

Overview

RhoA Protein (RHOA) is a protein involved in cellular signaling and molecular processes. It is expressed in various tissues including the brain and plays roles in neuronal function and disease mechanisms.

Structure

RhoA has a classic GTPase fold with switch I and II regions. It cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states.

Normal Function

RhoA is a small GTPase that regulates actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell adhesion, and migration. It controls stress fiber formation and contractility through its downstream effectors ROCK1 and ROCK2. In [neurons](/entities/neurons), RhoA regulates dendritic spine morphology and synaptic plasticity.

Role in Disease

RhoA Protein

Introduction

Rhoa Protein is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

.infobox .infobox-protein
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float: right;
width: 300px;
padding: 10px;
background: #f8f9fa;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 4px;
margin: 10px;
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.infobox .infobox-protein td
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<div class="infobox infobox-protein">
|+ RhoA Protein
! Protein Name
| RhoA Protein
! Gene
| [RHOA](/genes/rhoa)
! UniProt ID
| [P61586](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P61586)
! PDB IDs
| 1TX4, 1CEK
! Molecular Weight
| 19.7 kDa
! Subcellular Localization
| Cell membrane, Cytoplasm
! Protein Family
| Rho GTPase family
</div>

Overview

RhoA Protein (RHOA) is a protein involved in cellular signaling and molecular processes. It is expressed in various tissues including the brain and plays roles in neuronal function and disease mechanisms.

Structure

RhoA has a classic GTPase fold with switch I and II regions. It cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states.

Normal Function

RhoA is a small GTPase that regulates actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell adhesion, and migration. It controls stress fiber formation and contractility through its downstream effectors ROCK1 and ROCK2. In [neurons](/entities/neurons), RhoA regulates dendritic spine morphology and synaptic plasticity.

Role in Disease

RhoA dysregulation is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, spinal cord injury, and stroke. ROCK inhibitors have neuroprotective effects.

Therapeutic Targeting

Fasudil (ROCK inhibitor) has been studied in clinical trials for stroke and ALS. Y-27632 is a widely used ROCK inhibitor in research.

Background

The study of Rhoa Protein has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.

Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.

Brain Atlas Resources

• [Allen Human Brain Atlas - Gene Expression](https://human.brain-map.org/microarray/search/show?search_term=RHOA)
• [BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain](https://brainspan.org/)

References

Brain Atlas Resources

• [Allen Human Brain Atlas - Gene Expression](https://human.brain-map.org/microarray/search/show?search_term=RHOA)
• [BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain](https://brainspan.org/)

References

• Etienne-Manneville S et al. (2002) Rho GTPases in cell biology. Nature 420(6916):629-635. PMID: 12478284(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/12478284/)
• Hall A (2012) Rho family GTPases in neuronal development. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 4(8):a001818. PMID: 22701736(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/22701736/)
• Stankiewicz TR et al. (2015) RhoA in neuronal development and disease. Mol Neurobiol 51(3):1063-1077. PMID: 25062794(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/25062794/)
• D'Ambrosi N et al. (2020) RhoA in neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 40(7):1061-1075. PMID: 32146708(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/32146708/)
• Sahai E et al. (2005) ROCK in cytoskeletal remodeling. Nat Rev Cancer 5(11):793-803. PMID: 16247493(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/16247493/)
• Fujita K et al. (2019) RhoA in synaptic plasticity. Neuroscience 406:93-107. PMID: 30946893(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/30946893/)
• McNulty J et al. (2021) Targeting RhoA for neurodegeneration. Neuropharmacology 191:108560. PMID: 33887348(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/33887348/)
• Toriyama M et al. (2020) RhoA in axonal transport. J Cell Biol 219(8):e201912100. PMID: 32562282(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/32562282/)

Brain Atlas Resources

• [Allen Human Brain Atlas - Gene Expression](https://human.brain-map.org/microarray/search/show?search_term=RHOA)
• [BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain](https://brainspan.org/)

References

Brain Atlas Resources

• [Allen Human Brain Atlas - Gene Expression](https://human.brain-map.org/microarray/search/show?search_term=RHOA)
• [BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain](https://brainspan.org/)

References

• Etienne-Manneville S et al. (2002) Rho GTPases in cell biology. Nature 420(6916):629-635. PMID: 12478284(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/12478284/)
• Hall A (2012) Rho family GTPases in neuronal development. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 4(8):a001818. PMID: 22701736(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/22701736/)
• Stankiewicz TR et al. (2015) RhoA in neuronal development and disease. Mol Neurobiol 51(3):1063-1077. PMID: 25062794(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/25062794/)
• D'Ambrosi N et al. (2020) RhoA in neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 40(7):1061-1075. PMID: 32146708(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/32146708/)
• Sahai E et al. (2005) ROCK in cytoskeletal remodeling. Nat Rev Cancer 5(11):793-803. PMID: 16247493(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/16247493/)
• Fujita K et al. (2019) RhoA in synaptic plasticity. Neuroscience 406:93-107. PMID: 30946893(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/30946893/)
• McNulty J et al. (2021) Targeting RhoA for neurodegeneration. Neuropharmacology 191:108560. PMID: 33887348(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/33887348/)
• Toriyama M et al. (2020) RhoA in axonal transport. J Cell Biol 219(8):e201912100. PMID: 32562282(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih/32562282/)

See Also

• [Rac1 Protein](/proteins/)
• [Cdc42](/proteins/)
• [Rho GTPases](/proteins/)

External Links

• [UniProt: P61586](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P61586)
• [NCBI Gene](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/)