ELMO1 - Engulfment and Cell Motility 1

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ELMO1 - Engulfment and Cell Motility 1

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ELMO1 - Engulfment and Cell Motility 1

<table class="infobox infobox-gene">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">ELMO1 — Engulfment and Cell Motility 1</th>
</tr>
<tr> [@gao2017]
<td class="label">Symbol</td> [@hochreiterhufford2013]
<td><strong>ELMO1</strong></td> [@martinez2019]
</tr> [@brahma2016]
<tr>
<td class="label">Full Name</td>
<td>Engulfment and Cell Motility 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chromosome</td>
<td>7p14.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">NCBI Gene</td>
<td><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2004" target="_blank">2004</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Ensembl</td>
<td><a href="https://ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000126603" target="_blank">ENSG00000126603</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">OMIM</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/606520" target="_blank">606520</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt</td>
<td><a href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Y6I4" target="_blank">Q9Y6I4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Diseases</td>
<td>[Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease), [Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers), [Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis](/diseases/als)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Expression</td>
<td>[Microglia](/cell-types/microglia-neuroinflammation), Macrophages, Brain, Immune cells</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/infection" style="color:#ef9a9a">Infection</a>, <a href="/wiki/inflammation" style=

...

ELMO1 - Engulfment and Cell Motility 1

<table class="infobox infobox-gene">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">ELMO1 — Engulfment and Cell Motility 1</th>
</tr>
<tr> [@gao2017]
<td class="label">Symbol</td> [@hochreiterhufford2013]
<td><strong>ELMO1</strong></td> [@martinez2019]
</tr> [@brahma2016]
<tr>
<td class="label">Full Name</td>
<td>Engulfment and Cell Motility 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chromosome</td>
<td>7p14.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">NCBI Gene</td>
<td><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2004" target="_blank">2004</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Ensembl</td>
<td><a href="https://ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000126603" target="_blank">ENSG00000126603</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">OMIM</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/606520" target="_blank">606520</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt</td>
<td><a href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Y6I4" target="_blank">Q9Y6I4</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Diseases</td>
<td>[Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease), [Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers), [Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis](/diseases/als)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Expression</td>
<td>[Microglia](/cell-types/microglia-neuroinflammation), Macrophages, Brain, Immune cells</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/infection" style="color:#ef9a9a">Infection</a>, <a href="/wiki/inflammation" style="color:#ef9a9a">Inflammation</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">KG Connections</td>
<td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">13 edges</a></td>
</tr>
</table>

ELMO1 — Engulfment and Cell Motility 1

Introduction

Elmo1 Engulfment And Cell Motility 1 is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

Overview

Mermaid diagram (expand to render)

ELMO1 (Engulfment and Cell Motility 1) is a gene located on chromosome 7p14.3 that encodes a protein involved in phagocytosis and cell migration. ELMO1 functions as a critical mediator of engulfment signals and works together with DOCK proteins to activate Rho GTPases [1]. In the brain, ELMO1 is primarily expressed in microglia where it plays essential roles in phagocytic clearance.

Function

Role in Phagocytosis

ELMO1 is a key component of the phagocytic machinery:

Apoptotic Cell Clearance: ELMO1 mediates the recognition and engulfment of apoptotic cells by phagocytes [2]

Phagosome Formation: ELMO1 helps form the phagocytic cup and phagosome

Actin Remodeling: Through activation of Rac1 and Cdc42, ELMO1 orchestrates actin dynamics during phagocytosis

Integrin Signaling: ELMO1 connects integrin signaling to the phagocytic machinery

Microglial Function

In the central nervous system, ELMO1 is critical for microglial function:

Synaptic Pruning: ELMO1-mediated phagocytosis is involved in developmental synaptic pruning
Amyloid Clearance: Microglial phagocytosis of [amyloid-beta](/proteins/amyloid-beta) requires ELMO1 function [3]
Cellular Debris Clearance: ELMO1 helps clear dead cells and protein aggregates

Signaling Pathways

ELMO1 interacts with several signaling pathways:

DOCK-ELMO Complex: ELMO1 forms a functional complex with DOCK proteins to activate Rac1

PI3K Signaling: ELMO1 is regulated by PI3K and participates in phosphoinositide signaling

TLR Signaling: ELMO1 may be involved in toll-like receptor-mediated phagocytosis

Disease Associations

Parkinson's Disease

ELMO1 has been implicated in PD through microglial function:

[Alpha-synuclein](/proteins/alpha-synuclein) Clearance: Microglial phagocytosis of alpha-synuclein aggregates requires ELMO1-mediated signaling [4]

Neuroinflammation: ELMO1 contributes to microglial activation and neuroinflammation

Genetic Associations: Some studies have linked ELMO1 variants to PD risk

Alzheimer's Disease

Amyloid-beta Clearance: Microglial clearance of amyloid-beta is mediated in part by ELMO1 [5]

Synaptic Pruning: ELMO1-mediated microglial phagocytosis may contribute to synaptic loss in AD

Neuroinflammation: Chronic activation of ELMO1-dependent pathways may promote harmful neuroinflammation

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Motor Neuron Debris Clearance: ELMO1 helps clear debris from degenerating motor [neurons](/entities/neurons)

Neuroinflammation: Dysregulated ELMO1 function may contribute to harmful inflammatory responses

Astrocyte Function: ELMO1 may also be expressed in [astrocytes](/entities/astrocytes) and contribute to glial responses

Neurodegenerative Implications

The role of ELMO1 in neurodegeneration is complex:

Protective Clearance: ELMO1-mediated phagocytosis helps clear toxic protein aggregates
Harmful Inflammation: Chronic activation can promote neurotoxic inflammation
Developmental vs. Disease Context: The role differs between developmental synaptic pruning and disease states

Key Publications

[Brugnera et al., ELMO1 function (2002)](https://doi.org/10.1038/415509a)

[Cox et al., Phagocytosis and ELMO (2001)](https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200108156)

[Lee et al., Microglial phagocytosis in AD (2017)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.01.019)

[Bliederhaeuser et al., Microglia in PD (2016)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2016.05.004)

[Huang et al., Microglial ELMO1 in AD (2019)](https://doi.org/10.1186/s40478-019-0720-8)

Background

The study of Elmo1 Engulfment And Cell Motility 1 has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.

Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.

External Links

[PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) - Biomedical literature
[Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative](https://adni.loni.usc.edu/) - Research data
[Allen Brain Atlas](https://brain-map.org/) - Brain gene expression data

References

Wang et al., ELMO1 in phagocytosis and cell migration (Cell, 2005) (2005)

Kang et al., ELMO1 in neuronal development and regeneration (Developmental Neurobiology, 2018) (2018)

Zhang et al., ELMO1 in Parkinson's disease and alpha-synuclein clearance (Autophagy, 2020) (2020)

Fitzgerald et al., ELMO1 in neuroinflammation and microglia activation (Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2019) (2019)

Unknown, Gao & Chen, ELMO1 in cell death and survival pathways (Cell Death & Disease, 2017) (2017)

Unknown, Hochreiter-Hufford & Ravichandran, ELMO1 and apoptotic cell clearance (Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 2013) (2013)

Unknown, Martinez & Ng, ELMO1 in immune signaling and neurodegeneration (Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2019) (2019)

Unknown, Brahma & Kumar, ELMO1 in cytoskeletal dynamics (Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2016) (2016)

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Related Entities

ELMO1

▸Metadataorigin_type: v1_polymorphic_backfill

slug	genes-elmo1
kg_node_id	ELMO1
entity_type	gene
origin_type	v1_polymorphic_backfill
source_table	wiki_pages
wiki_page_id	wp-71743e9b7959
__merged_from	{'merged_at': '2026-05-13', 'unprefixed_id': 'genes-elmo1'}
_schema_version	1

📊 Evidence Profile Foundational

Evidence Balance

+0%

Certainty

100%

Debates

0

Incoming

309

Outgoing

316

0 supporting 0 contradicting 0 neutral

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📗 Cite This Artifact

ELMO1 - Engulfment and Cell Motility 1

ELMO1 - Engulfment and Cell Motility 1

ELMO1 - Engulfment and Cell Motility 1

ELMO1 — Engulfment and Cell Motility 1

Introduction

Overview

Function

Role in Phagocytosis

Microglial Function

Signaling Pathways

Disease Associations

Parkinson's Disease

Alzheimer's Disease

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Neurodegenerative Implications

Key Publications

See Also

Background

External Links

References

💬 Discussion