| Gene Symbol | astrocyte |
| Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) | Highest astrocyte-specific exosome concentration, closest to CNS |
| Blood (plasma/serum) | Less invasive, moderate astrocyte exosome abundance |
| Brain tissue | Research use only, most direct assessment of CNS pathology |
| Primary combination | ACTB + RPL13A (highest stability) |
| Alternative combination | GUSB + PPIA (excellent for blood samples) |
| Comprehensive panel | ACTB + RPL13A + GUSB (optimal for most studies) |
| Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's disease, Multiple sclerosis |
| KG Connections | 45 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |