ALOX15 - Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase

ALOX15 - Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase

Overview

ALOX15 - Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase

Overview

<table class="infobox infobox-gene">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">ALOX15 - Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Symbol</td>
<td><strong>ALOX15</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Full Name</td>
<td>ALOX15 - Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Type</td>
<td>Gene</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">NCBI</td>
<td><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=ALOX15" target="_blank">Search NCBI</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Associated Diseases</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/als" style="color:#ef9a9a">ALS</a>, <a href="/wiki/aging" style="color:#ef9a9a">Aging</a>, <a href="/wiki/als" style="color:#ef9a9a">Als</a>, <a href="/wiki/alzheimer" style="color:#ef9a9a">Alzheimer</a>, <a href="/wiki/cancer" style="color:#ef9a9a">Cancer</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">SciDEX Hypotheses</td>
<td><a href="/hypothesis/h-ac55ff26" style="color:#ce93d8" title="Score: 0.43">Astrocytic Lipoxin A4 Pathway Restoratio...</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">KG Connections</td>
<td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">241 edges</a></td>
</tr>
</table>

ALOX15 (Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase) encodes a member of the lipoxygenase family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly arachidonic acid, to produce bioactive lipid mediators including 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) and lipoxins. This gene plays important roles in lipid metabolism, inflammatory responses, and cellular signaling, with emerging relevance to neurodegenerative diseases. [@chinnici2021][@pmid30472260]

Gene Information

• Gene Symbol: ALOX15
• Chromosomal Location: 17p13.2
• Protein Name: Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase
• Protein Class: Enzyme, Oxidoreductase
• Molecular Weight: ~75 kDa
• UniProt ID: P16050

Normal Function

Enzymatic Activity

ALOX15 catalyzes the peroxidation of arachonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids at position 15, producing 15(S)-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HPETE), which can be further reduced to 15(S)-HETE or converted to lipoxins. The enzyme contains a non-heme iron center essential for its catalytic activity and requires iron for proper folding and function. [@joshi2019]

Expression Patterns

ALOX15 is expressed in various tissues including: [@zhang2020]

• Brain: [Astrocytes](/entities/astrocytes), [microglia](/cell-types/microglia-neuroinflammation), and certain neuronal populations
• Immune cells: Eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and B lymphocytes
• Peripheral tissues: Lung, spleen, and skin

Biological Pathways

Key pathways involving ALOX15 include: [@brophy2022]

Disease Associations

Alzheimer's Disease

ALOX15 has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis through multiple mechanisms:

Parkinson's Disease

In Parkinson's disease, ALOX15 involvement includes:

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Emerging evidence links ALOX15 to ALS:

Other Neurodegenerative Conditions

• Multiple Sclerosis: ALOX15-mediated lipid signaling influences demyelination and remyelination processes
• Frontotemporal Dementia: Altered expression in affected brain regions
• Huntington's Disease: Potential role in lipid metabolism dysfunction

Therapeutic Implications

Drug Targets

ALOX15 represents a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases:

Biomarker Potential

ALOX15 expression levels and activity in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells may serve as:

• Biomarkers for disease progression
• Indicators of neuroinflammatory status
• Response markers for anti-inflammatory therapies

Research Findings

Key PubMed references on ALOX15 in neurodegeneration:

Interactors and Pathways

Protein Interactors

• ALOX5 (Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase) - Collaborates in eicosanoid production
• ALOX12 (Arachdonate 12-Lipoxygenase) - Works in lipoxin biosynthesis
• LTA4H (Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase) - Related inflammatory enzyme
• FLAP (5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein) - Partner in leukotriene synthesis

Related Pathways

• Arachidonic acid metabolism
• Inflammatory response pathway
• Neuroinflammation signaling
• Lipid mediator biosynthesis

See Also

• [Lipoxygenase Pathway](/mechanisms/lipoxygenase-pathway)
• [Neuroinflammation](/mechanisms/neuroinflammation)
• [Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease)
• [Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease)
• [Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis](/diseases/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis)
• [Lipid Signaling in Neurodegeneration](/mechanisms/lipid-signaling-neurodegeneration)

External Links

• [ALOX15 Gene - NCBI Gene](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/246)
• [ALOX15 Protein - UniProt](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16050)
• [Lipoxygenase Database](https://www.lipoxygenase.org/)

Brain Atlas Resources

• [Allen Human Brain Atlas](https://human.brain-map.org/) — gene expression data
• [BrainSpan Atlas](https://brainspan.org/) — developmental transcriptome
• [Allen Mouse Brain Atlas](https://mouse.brain-map.org/) — mouse brain gene expression

References

Related Hypotheses

From the [SciDEX Exchange](/exchange) — scored by multi-agent debate

• [Astrocytic Lipoxin A4 Pathway Restoration via ALOX15 Gene Therapy](/hypothesis/h-ac55ff26) — <span style="color:#ffd54f;font-weight:600">0.43</span> · Target: ALOX15