ARTN — Artemin

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ARTN — Artemin

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ARTN — Artemin

Introduction

<table class="infobox infobox-gene">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">ARTN — Artemin</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Gene Symbol</td>
<td>ARTN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Full Name</td>
<td>Artemin</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chromosomal Location</td>
<td>1p33</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">NCBI Gene ID</td>
<td>9048</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">OMIM ID</td>
<td>603514</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Ensembl ID</td>
<td>ENSG00000176515</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt ID</td>
<td>Q9Y0D6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Tissue</td>
<td>Expression</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Peripheral nervous system</td>
<td>High</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Brain (low)</td>
<td>Low</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Embryonic tissues</td>
<td>High</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Adult peripheral nerves</td>
<td>Moderate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Skin</td>
<td>Moderate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Application</td>
<td>Development Stage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">[Parkinson's disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease-disease)</td>
<td>Preclinical</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Peripheral neuropathy</td>
<td>Preclinical</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chronic pain</td>
<td>Research</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Enteric disorders</td>

...

ARTN — Artemin

Introduction

<table class="infobox infobox-gene">
<tr>
<th class="infobox-header" colspan="2">ARTN — Artemin</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Gene Symbol</td>
<td>ARTN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Full Name</td>
<td>Artemin</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chromosomal Location</td>
<td>1p33</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">NCBI Gene ID</td>
<td>9048</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">OMIM ID</td>
<td>603514</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Ensembl ID</td>
<td>ENSG00000176515</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">UniProt ID</td>
<td>Q9Y0D6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Tissue</td>
<td>Expression</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Peripheral nervous system</td>
<td>High</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Brain (low)</td>
<td>Low</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Embryonic tissues</td>
<td>High</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Adult peripheral nerves</td>
<td>Moderate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Skin</td>
<td>Moderate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Application</td>
<td>Development Stage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">[Parkinson's disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease-disease)</td>
<td>Preclinical</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Peripheral neuropathy</td>
<td>Preclinical</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Chronic pain</td>
<td>Research</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">Enteric disorders</td>
<td>Basic research</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="label">KG Connections</td>
<td><a href="/atlas" style="color:#4fc3f7">1 edges</a></td>
</tr>
</table>

Artn — Artemin is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.

Overview

ARTN (Artemin) is a neurotrophic factor belonging to the GDNF family, which includes GDNF, neurturin, persephin, and artemin. These proteins are essential for the survival and maintenance of specific neuronal populations, particularly dopaminergic and sensory [neurons](/entities/neurons). [@airaksinen2002]

Gene Information

Normal Function

The ARTN gene encodes a 220-amino acid precursor protein that is processed into a mature, biologically active homodimer. Artemin is a critical neurotrophic factor involved in:

Neuronal Survival

Dopaminergic neurons: Supports survival and function
Sensory neurons: Peripheral sensory neuron development
Sympathetic neurons: Development and maintenance
Enteric neurons: Gut nervous system development

Signaling Mechanisms

Artemin signals through a receptor complex consisting of:

GFRα3 (GDNF Family Receptor Alpha 3): Primary binding receptor
RET (Rearranged during transfection): Signaling co-receptor

Downstream signaling pathways:

PI3K/Akt: Cell survival
MAPK/ERK: Neurite outgrowth
PLCγ: Calcium signaling

Disease Associations

Parkinson's Disease

ARTN protects dopaminergic neurons
Delivery of ARTN improves function in PD models
May promote regeneration of nigrostriatal pathway
Potential therapeutic for PD neuroprotection

Peripheral Neuropathy

Artemin promotes sensory neuron survival
Protects against chemotherapy-induced neuropathy
Potential for diabetic neuropathy treatment
Supports nerve regeneration after injury

Chronic Pain

Altered artemin expression in chronic pain states
Artemin promotes pain sensation in some contexts
Dual role in pain modulation
Target for pain therapeutics

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Role in enteric nervous system development
Potential involvement in Hirschsprung disease
May contribute to neurodevelopmental phenotypes

Expression Pattern

Therapeutic Implications

Clinical Potential

Delivery Challenges

Protein stability
Targeted delivery to CNS
Dosing optimization
Combination with other neurotrophic factors

Key Publications

<sup>[1]</sup> M. S. Airaksinen et al., "Artemin, a novel member of the GDNF family, supports and protects midbrain dopaminergic neurons," Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 480, pp. 1-18, 2004.

<sup>[2]</sup> R. O. et al., "Artemin promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury," Experimental Neurology, vol. 234, pp. 142-152, 2012.

<sup>[3]</sup> K. F. et al., "Artemin prevents chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice," Pain, vol. 158, pp. 2118-2132, 2017.

<sup>[4]</sup> L. W. et al., "GFRα3 and artemin in the developing and adult peripheral nervous system," Developmental Biology, vol. 414, pp. 189-201, 2016.

External Links

[NCBI Gene: ARTN](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9048)
[UniProt: ARTN](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Y0D6)
[Human Protein Atlas: ARTN](https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000176515-ARTN)

Background

The study of Artn — Artemin has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.

Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.

References

[Baloh RH, Enomoto H, Johnson EM Jr, Milbrandt J, The GDNF family ligands and receptors - implications for neural development (2000)](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0959-4388(99)

[Airaksinen MS, Saarma M, The GDNF family: signaling, biological functions and therapeutic value (2002)](https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn793)

[Ibáñez CF, Andressoo JO, Biology of GDNF and its receptors - relevance for disorders of the nervous system (2007)](https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33826-4_1)

[Wong LE, Gibson ME, Arnold HM, et al, Artemin promotes functional recovery in a mouse model of peripheral nerve injury (2015)](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2015.02.010)

[Masure S, Geerts H, Cik M, et al, Distribution of artemin and GFRalpha3 expression in the developing mouse brain (1999)](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-328x(99)

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Related Entities

ARTN

▸Metadataorigin_type: v1_polymorphic_backfill

slug	genes-artn
kg_node_id	ARTN
entity_type	gene
origin_type	v1_polymorphic_backfill
source_table	wiki_pages
wiki_page_id	wp-6d5e9e8d1078
__merged_from	{'merged_at': '2026-05-13', 'unprefixed_id': 'genes-artn'}
_schema_version	1

📊 Evidence Profile Foundational

Evidence Balance

+0%

Certainty

100%

Debates

0

Incoming

51

Outgoing

73

0 supporting 0 contradicting 0 neutral

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📗 Cite This Artifact

ARTN — Artemin

ARTN — Artemin

Introduction

ARTN — Artemin

Introduction

Overview

Gene Information

Normal Function

Neuronal Survival

Signaling Mechanisms

Disease Associations

Parkinson's Disease

Peripheral Neuropathy

Chronic Pain

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Expression Pattern

Therapeutic Implications

Clinical Potential

Delivery Challenges

Key Publications

See Also

External Links

Background

References

💬 Discussion