Sphingolipid Metabolism Rebalancing

From Analysis:

Which specific metabolic pathways in APOE4+ microglia are most therapeutically tractable?

While APOE4 disrupts microglial metabolism broadly, the debate didn't identify which specific disrupted pathways offer the best therapeutic targets. This prioritization is needed for focused drug development efforts. Source: Debate session sess_SDA-2026-04-04-gap-neuroinflammation-microglial-20260404 (Analysis: SDA-2026-04-04-gap-neuroinflammation-microglial-20260404)

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graph TD
    NAD__biosynthesis["NAD+ biosynthesis"] -->|activates| sirtuin_function["sirtuin function"]
    TREM2["TREM2"] -->|mediates| amyloid_clearance["amyloid clearance"]
    APOE4["APOE4"] -.->|inhibits| NAMPT["NAMPT"]
    APOE4_1["APOE4"] -->|activates| MTOR_signaling["MTOR signaling"]
    MTOR["MTOR"] -->|regulates| metabolic_flexibility["metabolic flexibility"]
    APOE4_2["APOE4"] -->|causes| lipid_droplet_formation["lipid droplet formation"]
    DGAT1["DGAT1"] -->|catalyzes| lipid_droplet_formation_3["lipid droplet formation"]
    APOE4_4["APOE4"] -->|disrupts| mitochondrial_ER_contacts["mitochondrial-ER contacts"]
    VDAC1["VDAC1"] -->|regulates| mitochondrial_ER_contacts_5["mitochondrial-ER contacts"]
    SLC16A1["SLC16A1"] -->|mediates| lactate_transport["lactate transport"]
    SMPD1["SMPD1"] -->|regulates| sphingolipid_metabolism["sphingolipid metabolism"]
    mTOR_modulators["mTOR modulators"] -->|enhances| oxidative_phosphorylation["oxidative phosphorylation"]
    style NAD__biosynthesis fill:#81c784,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style sirtuin_function fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style TREM2 fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style amyloid_clearance fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style APOE4 fill:#ce93d8,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style NAMPT fill:#ce93d8,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style APOE4_1 fill:#ce93d8,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style MTOR_signaling fill:#81c784,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style MTOR fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style metabolic_flexibility fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style APOE4_2 fill:#ce93d8,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style lipid_droplet_formation fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style DGAT1 fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style lipid_droplet_formation_3 fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style APOE4_4 fill:#ce93d8,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style mitochondrial_ER_contacts fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style VDAC1 fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style mitochondrial_ER_contacts_5 fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style SLC16A1 fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style lactate_transport fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style SMPD1 fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style sphingolipid_metabolism fill:#81c784,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style mTOR_modulators fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style oxidative_phosphorylation fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000

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