| Gene Symbol | GJA1 |
| Full Name | Gap Junction Protein Alpha 1 |
| Chromosome | 6q22.31 |
| Protein Family | Connexin family (21 members in humans) |
| Protein Type | Channel |
| Target Class | Ion Channel |
| Function | Connexin-43 forms gap junction channels enabling direct cell-to-cell transfer of ions (Ca²+, K+), small metabolites (ATP, glucose, glutamate), and signaling molecules. |
| Mechanism of Action | Small molecule modulator of gap junction channel activity |
| Subcellular Localization | Plasma membrane (gap junctions), astrocyte endfeet |
| Druggability | Low (0.36) |
| Clinical Stage | Phase II |
| Molecular Weight | 43.0 kDa |
| Pathways | Autophagy, Blood-brain barrier function, Nf-Κb, Oxidative Stress, Proteasome |
| UniProt ID | P17302 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 2697 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000152661 |
| OMIM | 121014 |
| GeneCards | GJA1 |
| Human Protein Atlas | GJA1 |
| Associated Diseases | Alzheimer, Alzheimer'S Disease, Amyloidosis, Cardiac, Chronic Non-Healing Wounds |
| Known Drugs/Compounds | Bleomycin, Gap26 |
| Interactions | TERT, PROGRANULIN, AQP4, GRN, APOE, SLC1A2 |
| SciDEX Target | View Target Profile (2 clinical trials) |
| SciDEX Hypotheses | Astroglial Gap Junction Coordination via Connexin- Astrocytic Connexin-43 Upregulation Enhances Neuro CX43 hemichannel engineering enables size-selectiv |
| KG Connections | 702 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsHPASTRING |