DRP1 Gene - Dynamin 1-Like Protein

DRP1 Gene - Dynamin 1-Like Protein

Introduction

<div class="infobox infobox-gene">
<h3>DRP1</h3>
<table>
<tr><th>Full Name</th><td>Dynamin 1-Like Protein</td></tr>
<tr><th>Chromosomal Location</th><td>12p11.21</td></tr>
<tr><th>NCBI Gene ID</th><td>[10065](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10065)</td></tr>
<tr><th>OMIM</th><td>[603850](https://www.omim.org/entry/603850)</td></tr>
<tr><th>Ensembl ID</th><td>ENSG00000141971</td></tr>
<tr><th>UniProt</th><td>[O00429](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O00429)</td></tr>
<tr><th>Associated Diseases</th><td>Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's Disease, Optic Atrophy</td></tr>
</table>
</div>

Pathway Diagram

DRP1 Gene - Dynamin 1-Like Protein

Introduction

<div class="infobox infobox-gene">
<h3>DRP1</h3>
<table>
<tr><th>Full Name</th><td>Dynamin 1-Like Protein</td></tr>
<tr><th>Chromosomal Location</th><td>12p11.21</td></tr>
<tr><th>NCBI Gene ID</th><td>[10065](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10065)</td></tr>
<tr><th>OMIM</th><td>[603850](https://www.omim.org/entry/603850)</td></tr>
<tr><th>Ensembl ID</th><td>ENSG00000141971</td></tr>
<tr><th>UniProt</th><td>[O00429](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O00429)</td></tr>
<tr><th>Associated Diseases</th><td>Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's Disease, Optic Atrophy</td></tr>
</table>
</div>

Pathway Diagram

Overview

[DRP1](/proteins/drp1-protein) (Dynamin 1-Like Protein), encoded by the DNM1L gene, is a key mediator of mitochondrial fission and peroxisomal division[@bossy2010]. It is essential for mitochondrial dynamics and its dysfunction is implicated in major neurodegenerative diseases[@wang2019].

Function

The DRP1 gene encodes a 736-amino acid GTPase:

• Mitochondrial fission: Mediates scission of mitochondrial outer membrane
• GTP hydrolysis: Self-assembles into rings that hydrolyze GTP to drive membrane constriction
• recruitment: Recruited to mitochondria by receptors MFF, MiD49, and MiD50
• Cell division: Essential for embryonic development and cell proliferation
• [Apoptosis](/entities/apoptosis): Regulates mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization during apoptosis

Disease Associations

Alzheimer's Disease

• Mitochondrial dysfunction: DRP1 abnormalities contribute to mitochondrial network fragmentation[@kageyama2012]
• [Amyloid-beta](/proteins/amyloid-beta) effect: Aβ inhibits DRP1 GTPase activity, impairing fission
• [Tau](/proteins/tau) connection: Hyperphosphorylated Tau mislocalizes DRP1 to soma

Parkinson's Disease

• PINK1/Parkin pathway: Damaged mitochondria require DRP1-mediated fission for mitophagy
• [LRRK2](/entities/lrrk2) connection: Mutant LRRK2 affects mitochondrial dynamics through DRP1
• Dopaminergic [neurons](/entities/neurons): Particular vulnerability due to high energy demands

Huntington's Disease

• Mitochondrial fragmentation: Mutant [huntingtin](/proteins/huntingtin) alters DRP1 localization and function
• Energy deficit: Impaired fission leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal death

Optic Atrophy

• OPA1 interaction: DRP1 and OPA1 (fusion) must be balanced for proper dynamics

Expression

DRP1 is ubiquitously expressed:

• Brain (high in [cortex](/brain-regions/cortex), [hippocampus](/brain-regions/hippocampus), basal ganglia)
• Heart
• Skeletal muscle
• Liver
• Kidney

Key Publications

• [@bossy2010]: Hoppins S et al. (2007). The molecular mechanism of mitochondrial fission. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
• [@wang2019]: Chen H et al. (2005). Disruption of mitochondrial fission causes neurodegeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci
• [@kageyama2012]: Manczak M et al. (2011). Impaired mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial pathology in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Res

Cross-links

• [Mitochondrial Dynamics](/mechanisms/mitochondrial-dynamics)
• [Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease)
• [Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons-disease)
• [Mitochondrial Dysfunction](/mechanisms/mitochondrial-dysfunction)

Background

The study of Drp1 Gene Dynamin 1 Like Protein has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.

Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.

See Also

• [Mitochondrial Dynamics](/mechanisms/mitochondrial-dynamics) Fusion and fission mechanisms
• Mitochondrial Fission - Fission pathway
• [Parkinson's Disease](/diseases/parkinsons- [Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease) Parkinson's Disease - Disease association
• [Alzheimer's Disease](/diseases/alzheimers-disease) Disease association

External Links

• [NCBI Gene: DNM1L](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10059)
• [UniProt: DRP1 (O00429)](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O00429)
• [Ensembl: DNM1L](https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000187446)

References

Pathway Diagram

The following diagram shows the key molecular relationships involving DRP1 Gene - Dynamin 1-Like Protein discovered through SciDEX knowledge graph analysis: