Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node
This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about INFLAMMATION: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.
Neuroinflammation is a key driver of neurodegenerative disease progression. It involves activation of microglia and astrocytes, release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6), complement cascade activation, and blood-brain barrier disruption. While acute inflammation is neuroprotective, chronic neuroinflammation exacerbates neuronal damage. Key pathways include NF-kB, JAK-STAT, NLRP3 inflammasome, and TLR signaling.
| Gene Symbol | INFLAMMATION |
| Mitochondrial protection | In primary dopaminergic neurons, O-GlcNAcylated alpha-synuclein showed reduced mitochondrial localization and less mitochondrial fragmentation on TOM20 immunostaining |
| In vivo PD model | OGA inhibition in MPTP-treated mice reduced dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta and improved motor performance on rotarod and cylinder tests[@troyer2020] |
| Cytoplasmic relocalization | O-GlcNAcylated TDP-43 showed reduced cytoplasmic aggregation in cellular models of TDP-43 pathology |
| Splicing function preservation | O-GlcNAc-modified TDP-43 retained its nuclear splicing function in minigene reporter assays, while unmodified TDP-43 lost function as it mislocalized |
| Stress granule dynamics | O-GlcNAcylation altered TDP-43's incorporation into stress granules, a pre-aggregation state in FTLD/ALS |
| Synapsin I and NMDA receptors | Key presynaptic (Synapsin I) and postsynaptic (NR1, NR2A/B subunits) proteins are O-GlcNAc-modified, and their O-GlcNAcylation correlated with improved cognitive performance in mouse studies |
| Long-term potentiation | OGA inhibition enhanced theta-burst induced LTP in hippocampal brain slices by ~40%, suggesting direct enhancement of synaptic plasticity mechanisms |
| Associated Diseases | AGING, ALS, ALZHEIMER, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE |
| Known Drugs/Compounds | VITAMIN D, RAPAMYCIN, METFORMIN, NICOTINAMIDE, BPMC, BERBERINE |
| Interactions | NF-ΚB, IL1A, SQSTM1, SMAD3, PRKN, PINK1 |
| KG Connections | 6960 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |
Knowledge base pages for this entity
graph TD
subgraph Signaling["Signaling"]
INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"] -->|"activates"| MICROGLIA["MICROGLIA"]
INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"] -->|"activates"| CANCER["CANCER"]
INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"] -->|"activates"| NRF2["NRF2"]
INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"] -->|"activates"| Inflammation["Inflammation"]
INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"] -->|"regulates"| Autophagy["Autophagy"]
INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"] -->|"regulates"| Mtor["Mtor"]
IL6["IL6"] -->|"activates"| INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"]
AUTOPHAGY["AUTOPHAGY"] -->|"regulates"| INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"]
P53["P53"] -->|"regulates"| INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"]
CYTOKINES_2["CYTOKINES"] -.->|"inhibits"| INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"]
end
subgraph Pathology["Pathology"]
INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"] -->|"associated with"| AGING["AGING"]
CYTOKINES["CYTOKINES"] -->|"associated with"| INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"]
end
subgraph Therapeutic["Therapeutic"]
INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"] -->|"therapeutic target"| Als["Als"]
INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"] -->|"therapeutic target"| Autoimmune["Autoimmune"]
CYTOKINES_1["CYTOKINES"] -->|"therapeutic target"| INFLAMMATION["INFLAMMATION"]
end
style INFLAMMATION fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:3px,color:#e0e0e0,font-weight:bold
style MICROGLIA fill:#006494,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style CANCER fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style NRF2 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style AGING fill:#5d4400,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Als fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Inflammation fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Autoimmune fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Autophagy fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Mtor fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style IL6 fill:#006494,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style CYTOKINES fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style AUTOPHAGY fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style P53 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style CYTOKINES_1 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style CYTOKINES_2 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0| Target | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| MICROGLIA | activates | cell_type | 1.00 |
| CANCER | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| NRF2 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| AGING | associated_with | phenotype | 1.00 |
| Als | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Autoimmune | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Autophagy | regulates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Mtor | regulates | pathway | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| Carcinoma | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Lipid Metabolism | regulates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Epigenetic | regulates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Oxidative Stress | regulates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Cardiovascular | contributes_to | disease | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Tumor | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Nf-Κb | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Mtor | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| NF-ΚB | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| CANCER | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Senescence | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Cancer | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Tumor | inhibits | disease | 1.00 |
| Nf-Κb | inhibits | pathway | 1.00 |
| Mtor | inhibits | pathway | 1.00 |
| Immune Response | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| LC3 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Fibrosis | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Apoptosis | regulates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Mitophagy | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Hepatitis | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Als | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Autophagy | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| NEUROINFLAMMATION | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Diabetes | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Aging | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Neuroinflammation | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Inflammasome | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Fibrosis | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Hepatitis | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Autophagy | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Als | interacts_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Immune Response | associated_with | pathway | 1.00 |
| APOPTOSIS | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Als | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Ischemia | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Source | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL6 | activates | protein | 1.00 |
| CYTOKINES | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| P53 | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| CYTOKINES | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| CYTOKINES | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| PI3K | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| MITOPHAGY | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PI3K | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| PI3K | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| TNF | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| CYTOKINES | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| AMPK | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| CYTOKINES | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| TNF | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| TNF | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| TNF | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| TLR4 | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| BAX | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| APOPTOSIS | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| P62 | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| CYTOKINES | contributes_to | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| PI3K | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NLRP3 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| OXIDATIVE STRESS | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| OXIDATIVE STRESS | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| P38 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| OXIDATIVE STRESS | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| APOPTOSIS | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| P38 | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| APOPTOSIS | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| ERK | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NF-ΚB | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NF-ΚB | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| JAK2 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| SIRT1 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| P53 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| MIRNAS | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| STAT3 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| IL-6 | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| STAT3 | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target
| Hypothesis | Score | Disease | Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beta-Hydroxybutyrate Receptor (HCAR2) Signaling Links Ketone | 0.645 | neurodegeneration | What are the precise temporal dynamics o |
| STING Antagonism Prevents Acute-to-Chronic Neuroinflammation | 0.605 | neuroinflammation | What molecular mechanisms drive the tran |
| Microglial AIM2 Inflammasome as the Primary Driver of TDP-43 | 0.601 | neurodegeneration | What are the mechanisms by which gut mic |
| Lactate/Pyruvate Ratio Dynamics in CSF as a Neuroinflammatio | 0.486 | translational neuroscience | Which metabolic biomarkers can distingui |
| Soluble TREM2 (sTREM2) as Therapeutic Mimic — Decoupling Pha | 0.452 | Alzheimer's disease | TREM2 agonism vs antagonism in DAM micro |
| Cardiovascular-Neuroinflammation Crosstalk Interruption | 0.437 | Alzheimer's disease | Neuroinflammation and microglial priming |
Scientific analyses that reference this entity
neuroinflammation | 2026-04-15 | 2 hypotheses Top: 0.605
neurodegeneration | 2026-04-14 | 0 hypotheses
neuroinflammation | 2026-04-13 | 2 hypotheses Top: 0.632
neurodegeneration | 2026-04-13 | 2 hypotheses Top: 0.473
neurodegeneration | 2026-04-13 | 1 hypotheses Top: 0.584
Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity
| Title & PMID | Authors | Journal | Year | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complement C1q-Targeted Microglial Membrane Camouflaged Nanolipid Carriers for S [PMID:41114949] | Ding YN, Li MQ, Ding PT, Wang P, Guan PP | Nano letters | 2026 | 1 |
| Systemic inflammation as a central player in the initiation and development of A [PMID:40841660] | Bayraktaroglu I, Ortí-Casañ N, Van Dam D | Immunity & ageing : I & A | 2025 | 1 |
| Cerium-doped Prussian blue biomimetic nanozyme as an amplified pyroptosis inhibi [PMID:40050873] | Ma J, Tian Y, Du C, Zhu Y, Huang W, Ding | Journal of nanobiotechnology | 2025 | 1 |
| Interactions between antidiabetes medications and heart-brain axis. [PMID:39639832] | Ong LT, Sia CH | Current opinion in endocrinolo | 2025 | 1 |
| The Molecular Mechanisms of Cognitive Dysfunction in Long COVID: A Narrative Rev [PMID:40507911] | Popa E, Popa AE, Poroch M, Poroch V, Ung | International journal of molec | 2025 | 1 |
| Obesity-induced pyroptotic adipocyte death leads to TREM2-dependent macrophage d [PMID:41509917] | Choi C, Lee J, Park G, Namgoong S, Lee Y | iScience | 2026 | 0 |
| Air pollution, glymphatic impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. [PMID:37777345] | Hussain R, Graham U, Elder A, Nedergaard | Trends in neurosciences | 2023 | 0 |
| Molecular biomarkers for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. [PMID:37957261] | Hosoki S, Hansra GK, Jayasena T, Poljak | Nature reviews. Neurology | 2023 | 0 |