Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node
This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about PARKINSON: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.
PARKINSON is a gene implicated in neurodegeneration research. Key relationships include: associated with, activates, regulates. Associated with ALS, ALZHEIMER'S, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Connected to 2646 entities in the SciDEX knowledge graph.
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| Gene Symbol | PARKINSON |
| Sample Size | 4,018 whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data of blood samples |
| Cohorts | Two independent PD cohorts for validation |
| Analytical Pipeline | Kraken 2 and Bracken software with PlusPF database for microbial annotation |
| Validation | Population-based cross-cohort filtration process with resampling validation |
| Motor dysfunction | Specific bacterial species showed association with motor symptom severity |
| Cognitive impairment | Certain signatures correlated with cognitive decline in PD patients |
| Associated Diseases | Addiction, aging, Als, Alzheimer |
| Known Drugs/Compounds | LEVODOPA, RAPAMYCIN, RESVERATROL |
| Interactions | 6-OHDA, AADC, ABCB1, ABCD3, ACETYL-COA, ACHE |
| KG Connections | 5644 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |
Knowledge base pages for this entity
graph TD
subgraph Pathology["Pathology"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| ALS["ALS"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| Parkinson["Parkinson"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| CANCER["CANCER"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| AGING["AGING"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| Aging["Aging"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| Alzheimer["Alzheimer"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| Cancer["Cancer"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| NEURODEGENERATIVE_DISEASES["NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES"]
PARKINSON_S_DISEASE["PARKINSON'S DISEASE"] -->|"associated with"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
OXIDATIVE_STRESS["OXIDATIVE STRESS"] -->|"associated with"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
APOPTOSIS["APOPTOSIS"] -->|"associated with"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
end
subgraph Interactions["Interactions"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"interacts with"| Parkinson_1["Parkinson"]
end
subgraph Signaling["Signaling"]
PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_2["PARKINSON'S DISEASE"] -.->|"inhibits"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_3["PARKINSON'S DISEASE"] -->|"regulates"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_4["PARKINSON'S DISEASE"] -->|"activates"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
end
style PARKINSON fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:3px,color:#e0e0e0,font-weight:bold
style ALS fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Parkinson fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Parkinson_1 fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style CANCER fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style AGING fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Aging fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Alzheimer fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Cancer fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style NEURODEGENERATIVE_DISEASES fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PARKINSON_S_DISEASE fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style OXIDATIVE_STRESS fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_2 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_3 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_4 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style APOPTOSIS fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0| Target | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neuroinflammation | inhibits | disease | 1.00 |
| Alzheimer | causes | disease | 1.00 |
| NEUROINFLAMMATION | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| NEUROINFLAMMATION | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| INFLAMMATION | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| Aging | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | protects_against | disease | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | causes | disease | 1.00 |
| CYTOKINES | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | inhibits | disease | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | inhibits | disease | 1.00 |
| AGING | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Neurodegeneration | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Autophagy | regulates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Ferroptosis | associated_with | pathway | 1.00 |
| Neurodegeneration | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Huntington | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Neuroinflammation | causes | disease | 1.00 |
| Alzheimer | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Neuroinflammation | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | interacts_with | disease | 1.00 |
| INFLAMMATION | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| Aging | causes | disease | 1.00 |
| Neurodegeneration | causes | disease | 1.00 |
| Oxidative Stress | regulates | pathway | 1.00 |
| AGING | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | expressed_in | disease | 1.00 |
| Apoptosis | associated_with | pathway | 1.00 |
| Apoptosis | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Mitophagy | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Proteasome | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Oxidative Stress | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| GENES | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Blood-Brain Barrier | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Oxidative Stress | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Immune Response | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Tumor | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| NEUROINFLAMMATION | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Autophagy | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Autophagy | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Apoptosis | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Nf-Κb | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Immune Response | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Huntington | causes | disease | 1.00 |
| Source | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| ALZHEIMER | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| MITOPHAGY | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | expressed_in | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | biomarker_for | gene | 1.00 |
| ALZHEIMER | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| INFLAMMATION | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | interacts_with | gene | 1.00 |
| AGING | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| CANCER | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| EXERCISE | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| INFLAMMATION | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| ALZHEIMER | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| DEMENTIA | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| MITOPHAGY | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| Neuroinflammation | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| GENES | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| INFLAMMATION | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| GENES | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | protects_against | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKIN | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| PINK1 | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| DNA | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| OXIDATIVE STRESS | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| SIRT1 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| NF-ΚB | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| HUNTINGTON | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| MICROGLIA | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEUROINFLAMMATION | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | interacts_with | gene | 1.00 |
| UBIQUITIN | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| MITOPHAGY | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKIN | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| AGING | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| Cancer | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| ALZHEIMER | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target
Scientific analyses that reference this entity
No analyses mention this entity
Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity
| Experiment | Type | Disease | Score | Feasibility | Model | Status | Est. Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epigenetic clocks association with brain aging patterns in older women | exploratory | cognitive impairment and demen | 0.900 | 0.00 | human patients | proposed | N/A |
Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity
| Title & PMID | Authors | Journal | Year | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enhancing TREM2 expression activates microglia and modestly mitigates tau pathol [PMID:40122810] | ["Chen Kai", "Li Fuyao", "Zhang Shuwen", | Journal of neuroinflammation | 2025 | 0 |
| Enhancing TREM2 expression activates microglia and modestly mitigates tau pathol [PMID:40122810] | ["Chen Kai", "Li Fuyao", "Zhang Shuwen", | Journal of neuroinflammation | 2025 | 0 |
| Neurodegeneration and Inflammation-An Interesting Interplay in Parkinson's Disea [PMID:33182554] | Marogianni C, Sokratous M, Dardiotis E, | International journal of molec | 2020 | 0 |
| Neurodegeneration and Inflammation-An Interesting Interplay in Parkinson's Disea [PMID:33182554] | Marogianni C, Sokratous M, Dardiotis E, | International journal of molec | 2020 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis Pathology. [PMID:29358320] | Lassmann H | Cold Spring Harbor perspective | 2018 | 0 |
Multi-agent debates referencing this entity
No debates reference this entity
Hypotheses and analyses mentioning PARKINSON in their description or question text
Score: 0.720 · neurodegeneration · 2026-05-01
GBA1 mutations represent the strongest genetic risk factor for PD (OR 5-20x), and GCase dysfunction creates a druggable
Score: 0.710 · neurodegeneration · 2026-05-01
LRRK2 G2019S mutations cause autosomal dominant PD through hyperactivation that impairs vesicular trafficking via Rab GT
Score: 0.670 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-29
Sporadic Parkinson's disease may involve impaired mitochondrial quality control, and NAD augmentation or other mitophagy
Score: 0.630 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-30
Sporadic PD may include impaired mitochondrial quality control, reduced mitophagy flux, and dopaminergic vulnerability o
Score: 0.610 · neuroinflammation · 2026-04-22
## Mechanistic Overview Age-Accelerated miR-155 Upregulation Primes Nigral Microglia for Parkinson's Disease Pathology s
Score: 0.595 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-26
Misfolded α-synuclein aggregates are transmitted via exosomes from donor to recipient neurons, templating endogenous aSy
Score: 0.585 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-26
PINK1/PARKIN-mediated mitophagy is impaired in sporadic PD due to upstream mitochondrial stress. Enhancing parkin transl
Score: 0.500 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-21
## Mechanistic Overview Selectively Inhibit Maladaptive AQP4-Driven Astrocyte-Microglia Inflammatory Signaling in Parkin
Score: 0.393 · neurodegeneration · 2026-05-06
USP13 deubiquitinates and stabilizes PINK1 and Parkin, enhancing mitophagy. USP13 downregulation in sporadic PD brains l
Score: 0.380 · proteomics · 2026-04-27
Parkinson's disease is characterized by the accumulation of misfolded alpha-synuclein protein aggregates (Lewy bodies) i
Score: 0.380 · proteomics · 2026-04-27
Age-related decline in lysosomal function contributes to the accumulation of pathological protein aggregates in Parkinso