Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node
This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about GENES: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.
GENES is a gene implicated in neurodegeneration research. Key relationships include: activates, associated with, regulates. Associated with ALS, Aging, Als. Connected to 5070 entities in the SciDEX knowledge graph.
| Gene Symbol | GENES |
| Pathways | Adaptive Immunity, Akt, Ampk Signaling, Amyloid, Angiogenesis |
| GeneCards | GENES |
| Human Protein Atlas | GENES |
| Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) | Highest astrocyte-specific exosome concentration, closest to CNS |
| Blood (plasma/serum) | Less invasive, moderate astrocyte exosome abundance |
| Brain tissue | Research use only, most direct assessment of CNS pathology |
| Primary combination | ACTB + RPL13A (highest stability) |
| Alternative combination | GUSB + PPIA (excellent for blood samples) |
| Comprehensive panel | ACTB + RPL13A + GUSB (optimal for most studies) |
| Associated Diseases | ALS, Aging, Alzheimer, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Anxiety |
| Interactions | HCN4, MET, ACTB, APOA1, ULK1, ABCA1 |
| KG Connections | 8142 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |
Knowledge base pages for this entity
graph TD
subgraph Signaling["Signaling"]
GENES["GENES"] -->|"regulates"| Neurodegeneration["Neurodegeneration"]
GENES["GENES"] -.->|"inhibits"| Als_1["Als"]
MIRNAS["MIRNAS"] -->|"regulates"| GENES["GENES"]
PI3K["PI3K"] -.->|"inhibits"| GENES["GENES"]
TFEB["TFEB"] -->|"activates"| GENES["GENES"]
PTEN["PTEN"] -->|"activates"| GENES["GENES"]
PI3K_3["PI3K"] -->|"activates"| GENES["GENES"]
end
subgraph Therapeutic["Therapeutic"]
GENES["GENES"] -->|"therapeutic target"| Alzheimer["Alzheimer"]
GENES["GENES"] -->|"therapeutic target"| Als["Als"]
GENES["GENES"] -->|"therapeutic target"| Carcinoma["Carcinoma"]
GENES["GENES"] -->|"therapeutic target"| Cancer["Cancer"]
end
subgraph Pathology["Pathology"]
GENES["GENES"] -->|"associated with"| APOE["APOE"]
GENES["GENES"] -->|"associated with"| Tumor["Tumor"]
DNA["DNA"] -->|"associated with"| GENES["GENES"]
end
subgraph Interactions["Interactions"]
GENES["GENES"] -->|"interacts with"| Als_2["Als"]
end
style GENES fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:3px,color:#e0e0e0,font-weight:bold
style Neurodegeneration fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Alzheimer fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Als fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style APOE fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Als_1 fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Tumor fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Carcinoma fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Cancer fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Als_2 fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style MIRNAS fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style DNA fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PI3K fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style TFEB fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PTEN fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PI3K_3 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0| Target | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neurodegeneration | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Alzheimer | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Als | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| APOE | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| Als | inhibits | disease | 1.00 |
| Tumor | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Carcinoma | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Cancer | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Als | interacts_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Mtor | inhibits | pathway | 1.00 |
| Stroke | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Neuroinflammation | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Nf-Κb | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Tumor | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Epigenetic | regulates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Apoptosis | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Apoptosis | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Cancer | interacts_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Autophagy | associated_with | pathway | 1.00 |
| DNA | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Neurodegeneration | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Als | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Mtor | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Autophagy | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Als | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Cancer | contributes_to | disease | 1.00 |
| Cardiovascular | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Immune Response | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Epigenetic | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| DNA | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| Stroke | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Obesity | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Cancer | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Alzheimer | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Cancer | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Wnt | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| AKT | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Glycolysis | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Tumor | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Diabetes | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Als | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Atherosclerosis | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Lipid Metabolism | regulates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Diabetes | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Obesity | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Alzheimer | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Source | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| MIRNAS | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| DNA | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| PI3K | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| TFEB | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PTEN | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PI3K | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PI3K | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| DNA | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| STING | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| DNA | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| MIRNAS | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PI3K | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| TP53 | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| BAX | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| ERK | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| MITOCHONDRIAL DNA | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| TNF | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| EGFR | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| ERK | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PI3K | expressed_in | gene | 1.00 |
| PTEN | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| TP53 | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| OVERVIEW | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| TNF | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| MICRORNAS | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| MIRNAS | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| TP53 | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| P53 | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| STAT3 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| ROS | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| AMYLOID | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NF-ΚB | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| APOPTOSIS | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| APOPTOSIS | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| CANCER | interacts_with | gene | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| ALS | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| TP53 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| CANCER | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| HIF | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| AMPK | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| INFLAMMATION | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| OXIDATIVE STRESS | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| INFLAMMATION | expressed_in | gene | 1.00 |
| PINK1 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target
| Hypothesis | Score | Disease | Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hippocampal CA3-CA1 circuit rescue via neurogenesis and syna | 0.677 | Alzheimer's disease | Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode |
| Closed-loop tACS targeting EC-II parvalbumin interneurons to | 0.660 | Alzheimer's disease | Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode |
| Hypocretin-Neurogenesis Coupling Therapy | 0.452 | neurodegeneration | Sleep disruption as cause and consequenc |
| Mitochondrial Biogenesis Rate as a Dynamic Biomarker of Neur | 0.435 | translational neuroscience | Which metabolic biomarkers can distingui |
| Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis Modulation | 0.340 | Alzheimer's Disease | Tau propagation mechanisms and therapeut |
Scientific analyses that reference this entity
neurodevelopment | 2026-04-15 | 1 hypotheses Top: 0.576
neuroinflammation | 2026-04-14 | 2 hypotheses Top: 0.567
neurodegeneration | 2026-04-14 | 1 hypotheses Top: 0.588
neurodegeneration | 2026-04-14 | 1 hypotheses Top: 0.521
synaptic biology | 2026-04-14 | 1 hypotheses Top: 0.526
Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity
| Title & PMID | Authors | Journal | Year | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMI1 switches from being a substrate to an inhibitor of APC/C(CDH1) to start the [PMID:29875408] | Cappell SD, Mark KG, Garbett D, Pack LR, | Nature | 2018 | 1 |
| Metabolic fate of glucose and candidate signaling and excess-fuel detoxification [PMID:28280244] | Mugabo Y, Zhao S, Lamontagne J, Al-Mass | J Biol Chem | 2017 | 1 |
| Sleep drives metabolite clearance from the adult brain. [PMID:24136970] | Xie L, Kang H, Xu Q, Chen MJ, Liao Y, Th | Science | 2013 | 1 |
| Exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation induces oxidative damage to mitoch [PMID:19879861] | Xu S, Zhou Z, Zhang L, Yu Z, Zhang W, Wa | Brain Res | 2010 | 1 |
| Nucleotide signaling and cutaneous mechanisms of pain transduction. [PMID:19171165] | Dussor G, Koerber HR, Oaklander AL, Rice | Brain Res Rev | 2009 | 1 |
| Antidepressant effects of combined eucommia-gastrodia extract via modulation of [PMID:41921863] | Xue L, Pan Z, Liu Y, Gan Q, Liu D, Liu D | Brain research bulletin | 2026 | 0 |
| Complementary mechanisms of high-carbohydrate diets and ketogenic diets restore [PMID:41475465] | Kwon H, Seo DS, Ahmad Y, Park S, Yoo J, | The Journal of nutritional bio | 2026 | 0 |
| TrkB promotes the neuronal secretion of soluble Siglec-2 (CD22) to mitigate micr [PMID:41922794] | Shi X, Cai SZ, Chai JL, Xu CY, Zhou BY, | Molecular psychiatry | 2026 | 0 |
| The Potential Functions and Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Cognitive Impairm [PMID:41917799] | Li XY, Cheng YZ, Zhang YM, Hu F, Fang SK | Brain and behavior | 2026 | 0 |
| Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease across diverse biological domains: an umbrell [PMID:40680830] | Kang J, Son Y, Yim Y, Cho H, Kim J et al | J Adv Res | 2026 | 0 |
| Nanotherapeutic potential of Baicalein-encapsulated hUC-MSC exosomes in Alzheime [PMID:41370943] | Xu J, He Z, Pan Y, Cao B, Chen G | Biomater Adv | 2026 | 0 |
| Zhi-Gan Formula improved insomnia and anxiety comorbidity in a mouse model via P [PMID:41525914] | Liu R, Wu Z, Yin Y, Song C, Zhang C et a | J Ethnopharmacol | 2026 | 0 |
| Triterpenoid saponins from Platycodon grandiflorus exhibit antidepressant-like e [PMID:41539634] | Yoon S, Chun E, Iqbal H, Kim SH, Kim SY | J Ethnopharmacol | 2026 | 0 |
| Epigenetic mechanisms and therapeutic innovations in chronic pain-associated neu [PMID:41554641] | Zhang K, Zhu S, Xing N, Zhou Z, Chen J e | Br J Pharmacol | 2026 | 0 |
| Postbiotics and the gut-brain axis: A mechanistic review on modulating neuroinfl [PMID:41570486] | Lahariya R, Anand G, Kumari B, Priyadars | J Neuroimmunol | 2026 | 0 |
| miRNA-206 in muscle and central nervous system crosstalk during exercise: A doub [PMID:41571168] | Malvandi AM, Gerosa L, Maroni P, Orlando | Neurosci Biobehav Rev | 2026 | 0 |
| Experts' narrative review "Mastication, Hippocampal Structure Changes and Cognit [PMID:41576846] | Piancino MG | Arch Oral Biol | 2026 | 0 |
| Plant-derived bioactive compounds modulate the gut microbiota in Alzheimer's dis [PMID:41678917] | Xue D, Hu X, Li R, Sun T, Qian S et al. | Phytomedicine | 2026 | 0 |
| Dysregulation of Drp1 and Mfn2 is associated with reduced PSD-95, synaptophysin, [PMID:41932483] | Alfateh M, Vasconcelos C, Choker AH, Moh | Int J Biol Macromol | 2026 | 0 |
| AICAR improves depression-like behaviors and is associated with hippocampal AMPK [PMID:41932583] | Takahashi K, Kurokawa K, Kawaguchi R, Ta | Neurochem Int | 2026 | 0 |