gene

TYROBP

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about TYROBP: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

401Connections

7Hypotheses

16Analyses

50Outgoing

50Incoming

1Experiments

20Debates

Summary

A gene referenced in 1 knowledge graph relationship. Key connections: encodes DAP12 (protein).

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🧬 Gene Info

Gene Symbol	TYROBP
Aliases	DAP12
Chromosome	19q13.12
Protein Type	Adaptor Protein
Function	is a transmembrane signaling adaptor protein that plays critical roles in innate immunity and microglial function in the central nervous system.
Primary Expression	Microglia, Monocytes, NK cells, Osteoclasts
Molecular Weight	12.1 kDa
Amino Acids	113 aa
Pathways	Innate Immunity
UniProt ID	Q9Y241
NCBI Gene ID	7305
Ensembl ID	ENSG00000111653
OMIM	605712
GeneCards	TYROBP
Human Protein Atlas	TYROBP
Associated Diseases	Aging, Als, ALS risk, Alzheimer, alzheimer_disease
Known Drugs/Compounds	BERBERINE
Interactions	AKT, ALZHEIMER, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, AMYLOID, AMYLOID-BETA, AND
SciDEX Hypotheses	TYROBP (DAP12) Conditional Antagonism for Early-St
KG Connections	401 knowledge graph edges
Databases	GeneCards HPA STRING

🔮 Predicted Structure: TYROBP — AlphaFold Q9Y241 Click to expand

AI-predicted structure from AlphaFold | Powered by Mol*

Wiki Pages (5)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

Canonical Page

TYROBP Protein (DAP12)

protein · 1246 words

→

Validated Hypothesis: TYROBP (DAP12) Conditional Antagonism for Early-Stage Neuroprotection

hypothesis · 3788 words

→

Pathway Diagram

graph TD
    TYROBP["TYROBP"] -->|"interacts"| TREM2["TREM2"]
    TYROBP["TYROBP"] -->|"expressed in"| microglia["microglia"]
    TYROBP["TYROBP"] -->|"interacts"| Alzheimer["Alzheimer"]
    TYROBP["TYROBP"] -->|"interacts"| Ms["Ms"]
    TYROBP["TYROBP"] -->|"activates"| Als["Als"]
    TYROBP["TYROBP"] -->|"associated"| Alzheimer_1["Alzheimer"]
    RANK["RANK"] -->|"activates"| TYROBP["TYROBP"]
    GENES["GENES"] -->|"activates"| TYROBP["TYROBP"]
    APP["APP"] -->|"associated"| TYROBP["TYROBP"]
    CD33["CD33"] -->|"associated"| TYROBP["TYROBP"]
    style TYROBP fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:2px,color:#e0e0e0

Outgoing (222)

Target	Relation	Type	Str
ds-db4a006ea647	provides_data_for	dataset	1.00
SIRPΒ1	interacts_with	receptor	0.95
CR3	binds	receptor	0.95
Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease	associated_with	disease	0.95
Signal Transduction	mediates	process	0.90
Pathogen Phagocytosis	regulates	process	0.90
SIRP1B	interacts_with	receptor	0.90
Brain Homeostasis	involved_in	process	0.90
Nasu-Hakola disease	causes	disease	0.90
microglial phenotype	regulates	process	0.90
SYK	activates	gene	0.90
Gene Expression Changes	causes	phenotype	0.87
Molecular Interaction Networks	component_of	pathway	0.85
SYK	recruits_and_activates	gene	0.85
Alzheimer's Disease	associated_with	disease	0.85
Disease-Associated Microglia	regulates	phenotype	0.85
Alzheimer's Disease pathogenesis	mediates	mechanism	0.85
C1Q	regulates	protein	0.85
tau phosphorylation	regulates	process	0.85
Immune Cell Infiltration	associated_with	process	0.80
Learning Behavior	regulates	phenotype	0.80
Synaptic Function	regulates	process	0.80
Learning Behavior	involved_in	phenotype	0.75
Neurodegenerative Diseases	risk_factor_for	disease	0.75
Synaptic Function	involved_in	process	0.75
Als	activates	disease	0.75
microglia	expressed_in	cell_type	0.72
TREM2	interacts_with	protein	0.72
SYK	phosphorylates	gene	0.70
SYK	interacts_with	gene	0.70
complement cascade	regulates	pathway	0.70
Alzheimer's disease	associated_with	disease	0.70
microglial activation module	regulates	process	0.70
SYK/ZAP70 kinases	recruits	protein	0.70
multiple ITAM-bearing receptors	interacts_with	protein	0.70
microglial inflammatory response	regulates	process	0.70
inflammatory_responses	activates	phenotype	0.70
phagocytic function	modulates	mechanism	0.70
neuroinflammation	activates	disease	0.70
microglial disease-associated states	regulates	phenotype	0.70
calcium_influx	mediates	phenotype	0.70
microglial signaling	regulates	phenotype	0.70
DEMENTIA	increases_risk	disease	0.65
SYK	regulates	gene	0.65
STAT3	regulates	gene	0.65
STAT3	promotes	gene	0.65
Aging	regulates	disease	0.65
Als	regulates	disease	0.65
Ms	regulates	disease	0.65
Tumor	regulates	disease	0.65

Incoming (179)

Source	Relation	Type	Str
ds-db4a006ea647	data_in	dataset	1.00
TREM2	signals_through	gene	0.95
h-trem2-f3effd21	targets_gene	hypothesis	0.90
TREM2	interacts_with	entity	0.90
Trem2	regulates	protein	0.90
Immune and Microglia Module	associated_with	pathway	0.89
TREM2	signals_via	gene	0.85
GENES	activates	gene	0.70
SPI1	regulates	gene	0.70
MICROGLIA	inhibits	cell_type	0.70
MICROGLIA	regulates	cell_type	0.70
TREM2-ICD	regulates	protein	0.70
MICROGLIA	activates	gene	0.70
PU.1	regulates	gene	0.70
CD33	modulates	gene	0.70
CD163	activates	gene	0.70
TREM2	associated_with	gene	0.70
NEUROINFLAMMATION	inhibits	phenotype	0.65
GRN	activates	gene	0.65
BERBERINE	activates	drug	0.65
BERBERINE	regulates	drug	0.65
NEUROINFLAMMATION	regulates	phenotype	0.65
NEUROINFLAMMATION	protects_against	phenotype	0.65
DAP12	interacts_with	gene	0.65
MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION	treats	phenotype	0.65
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE	targets	disease	0.65
MICROGLIA	produces	cell_type	0.65
MMP12	activates	gene	0.60
CD33	activates	gene	0.60
TMEM119	associated_with	gene	0.60
AIF1	associated_with	gene	0.60
APP	inhibits	gene	0.60
TREM2	activates	gene	0.60
TAU	activates	gene	0.60
GAIN	activates	gene	0.60
STAT3	activates	gene	0.60
GENES	causes	gene	0.60
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE	inhibits	gene	0.60
APOE	associated_with	gene	0.60
COMPLEMENT	associated_with	gene	0.60
ALZHEIMER	interacts_with	gene	0.60
PSEN1	stabilizes	gene	0.60
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE	interacts_with	gene	0.60
DAP12	activates	gene	0.60
INFLAMMATION	activates	gene	0.60
APP/PSEN1	stabilizes	gene	0.60
ALZHEIMER	expressed_in	gene	0.60
GENES	associated_with	gene	0.60
HUB GENES	associated_with	gene	0.60
APOE3	expressed_in	gene	0.60

Targeting Hypotheses (7)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

Hypothesis	Score	Disease	Analysis
TYROBP (DAP12) Conditional Antagonism for Early-Stage Neurop	0.844	neurodegeneration	Gene Co-expression Network Analysis of A
TREM2 Signaling Bifurcation with Independent TYROBP-Independ	0.586	neuroinflammation	Why is TYROBP deficiency neuroprotective
SYK-Independent TREM2 Pathways Remain Functional in TYROBP D	0.548	neuroinflammation	Why is TYROBP deficiency neuroprotective
TYROBP-SYK Pathway Enhancement	0.480	neurodegeneration	TREM2 Therapeutic Strategy Post-INVOKE-2
TYROBP Network Hyperactivation Marks Point of No Return	0.463	neurodegeneration	What is the optimal therapeutic window f

Rare TREM2-TYROBP pathway variants complement standard PRS b	0.380	late-onset-alzheimers	Polygenic Risk Score Analysis for Late-O
TYROBP Causal Network Inhibition for Microglial Repolarizati	0.105	neurodegeneration	Neuroinflammation Biomarker Panel for Ea

Mentioning Analyses (16)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

TREM2 in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms, Therapeutics, and Biomarkers

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-26 | 8 hypotheses Top: 0.861

Microglial subtypes in neurodegeneration — friend vs foe

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-17 | 7 hypotheses Top: 0.685

How do different microglial subtypes (DAM vs inflammatory vs homeostatic) transi

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-16 | 4 hypotheses Top: 0.887

Gene Co-expression Network Analysis of AD Progression Modules

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-16 | 1 hypotheses Top: 0.844

Spatial Transcriptomics Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease Brain Regions

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-16 | 2 hypotheses Top: 0.380

Experiments (1)

Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity

Experiment	Type	Disease	Score	Feasibility	Model	Status	Est. Cost
Conditional TYROBP Knockdown in Early-Stage 5xFAD Mice Using CRISPRi-A	in_vivo	Alzheimer's disease	0.746	0.55	5xFAD x Cx3cr1-Cre mice inject	abandoned	$95,000

Related Papers (7)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMID	Authors	Journal	Year
Genome-wide consensus transcriptional signatures identify synaptic pruning linki [PMID:41139712]	Li H, Xie Z, Tian Y, Zhou R, Yang Y et a	Mol Psychiatry	2026
The Alzheimer's disease risk genes MS4A4A and MS4A6A cooperate to negatively reg [PMID:41435829]	Rosner D, Sun J, Cacace R, Yee A, Wagh C	Neuron	2026
Integrative Transcriptomic and Bioinformatics Approaches Combined With Transform [PMID:41524613]	Yan D, Li W, Xing E, Wang P, Zhang Z	FASEB J	2026
Integrative bioinformatics and machine learning identify shared molecular mechan [PMID:41961800]	Deng A, Wang W	PLoS One	2026
Genome-wide consensus transcriptional signatures identify synaptic pruning linki [PMID:41139712]	Li H, Xie Z, Tian Y, Zhou R, Yang Y, Lin	Molecular psychiatry	2026
The Alzheimer's disease risk genes MS4A4A and MS4A6A cooperate to negatively reg [PMID:41435829]	Rosner D, Sun J, Cacace R, Yee A, Wagh C	Neuron	2026
Polycystic Lipomembranous Osteodysplasia with Sclerosing Leukoencephalopathy. [PMID:20301376]	Adam, Bick, Mirzaa, Pagon, Wallace et al		1993

Debates (20)

Multi-agent debates referencing this entity

Extended debate: TREM2-Dependent Astrocyte-Microglia Cross-talk in Neurodegenera

closed · Rounds: 6 · Score: 0.95 · 2026-04-27

Debate: Microglial TREM2 downregulation impairs damage-associated response in la

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.21 · 2026-04-27

Hypothesis debate: TREM2-Mediated Microglial Dysfunction Disrupts Perivascular T

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.50 · 2026-04-27

Hypothesis debate: PLCG2 Allosteric Modulation as a Precision Therapeutic for TR

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.50 · 2026-04-26

Hypothesis debate: PLCG2 Allosteric Modulation as a Precision Therapeutic for TR

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.50 · 2026-04-26

Hypothesis debate: TREM2-Dependent Microglial Senescence Transition

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.64 · 2026-04-26

Hypothesis debate: TREM2-Dependent Astrocyte-Microglia Cross-talk in Neurodegene

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.50 · 2026-04-26

What are the key mechanistic, therapeutic, and diagnostic dimensions of TREM2 in

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.92 · 2026-04-26

Which cell types show the greatest vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease accordin

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.75 · 2026-04-22

The debate revealed fundamental uncertainty about whether enhancing TYROBP-SYK s

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.30 · 2026-04-21

Related Research

Hypotheses and analyses mentioning TYROBP in their description or question text

Rare TREM2-TYROBP pathway variants complement standard PRS by identifying microg

Score: 0.380 · late-onset-alzheimers · 2026-04-26

We hypothesize that rare loss-of-function variants in microglial-expressed genes within the TREM2-TYROBP signaling casca

TYROBP Causal Network Inhibition for Microglial Repolarization

Score: 0.105 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-18

## Mechanistic Overview TYROBP Causal Network Inhibition for Microglial Repolarization starts from the claim that modula

TYROBP

Understanding Entity Pages

Summary

Wiki Pages (5)

TYROBP Protein (DAP12)

Validated Hypothesis: TYROBP (DAP12) Conditional Antagonism for Early-Stage Neuroprotection

TYROBP/DAP12 Microglia Signaling Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease

TYROBP/DAP12 Protein

TYROBP — TYRO Binding Protein (DAP12)

Pathway Diagram

Outgoing (222)

Incoming (179)

Targeting Hypotheses (7)

Mentioning Analyses (16)

TREM2 in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms, Therapeutics, and Biomarkers

Microglial subtypes in neurodegeneration — friend vs foe

How do different microglial subtypes (DAM vs inflammatory vs homeostatic) transi

Gene Co-expression Network Analysis of AD Progression Modules

Spatial Transcriptomics Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease Brain Regions

Why is TYROBP deficiency neuroprotective when TYROBP is an adapter for multiple

What are the molecular signatures that distinguish protective vs. harmful microg

Does SYK activation provide neuroprotection or exacerbate neuroinflammation in e

Neuroinflammation and microglial priming in early Alzheimer's Disease

SEA-AD Single-Cell Analysis: Cell-Type Vulnerability in Alzheimer's Disease

Gene expression changes in aging mouse brain predicting neurodegenerative vulner

SEA-AD Gene Expression Profiling — Allen Brain Cell Atlas

Cell type vulnerability debate in Alzheimer's disease (SEA-AD v4)

TREM2 agonism vs antagonism in DAM microglia

TREM2 Therapeutic Strategy Post-INVOKE-2

TREM2 agonism vs antagonism in DAM microglia

Experiments (1)

Related Papers (7)

Debates (20)

Extended debate: TREM2-Dependent Astrocyte-Microglia Cross-talk in Neurodegenera

Debate: Microglial TREM2 downregulation impairs damage-associated response in la

Hypothesis debate: TREM2-Mediated Microglial Dysfunction Disrupts Perivascular T

Hypothesis debate: PLCG2 Allosteric Modulation as a Precision Therapeutic for TR

Hypothesis debate: PLCG2 Allosteric Modulation as a Precision Therapeutic for TR

Hypothesis debate: TREM2-Dependent Microglial Senescence Transition

Hypothesis debate: TREM2-Dependent Astrocyte-Microglia Cross-talk in Neurodegene

What are the key mechanistic, therapeutic, and diagnostic dimensions of TREM2 in

Which cell types show the greatest vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease accordin

The debate revealed fundamental uncertainty about whether enhancing TYROBP-SYK s

Related Research

Rare TREM2-TYROBP pathway variants complement standard PRS by identifying microg

TYROBP Causal Network Inhibition for Microglial Repolarization