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AND

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about AND: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

3349Connections
30Hypotheses
0Analyses
50Outgoing
50Incoming
3Experiments
0Debates

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💡 Concept Info
NameAND
Key Genes/Proteins6-OHDA, ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCG2, ACC, ACE
Linked Hypotheses1 hypotheses

Wiki Pages (3)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

Canonical Page

AND

gene · 508 words

HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND)

disease · 1659 words

AND

gene · 747 words

Pathway Diagram

graph TD
    subgraph Interactions["Interactions"]
        AND["AND"] -->|"participates in"| oxidative_stress_response["oxidative stress response"]
        AND["AND"] -->|"participates in"| apoptosis_pathway["apoptosis pathway"]
        AND["AND"] -->|"interacts with"| Alzheimer_s_disease["Alzheimer's disease"]
        AND["AND"] -->|"participates in"| ubiquitin_proteasome["ubiquitin-proteasome"]
        TP53["TP53"] -->|"interacts with"| AND["AND"]
        APOPTOSIS_2["APOPTOSIS"] -->|"interacts with"| AND["AND"]
    end
    subgraph Therapeutic["Therapeutic"]
        AND["AND"] -->|"expressed in"| endothelial_cells["endothelial cells"]
    end
    subgraph Pathology["Pathology"]
        AND["AND"] -->|"associated with"| Alzheimer_s_disease_1["Alzheimer's disease"]
        AND["AND"] -->|"associated with"| neurodegeneration["neurodegeneration"]
        AND["AND"] -->|"associated with"| PS1["PS1"]
        AND["AND"] -->|"associated with"| Atherosclerosis["Atherosclerosis"]
        MYC["MYC"] -->|"associated with"| AND["AND"]
        JUN["JUN"] -->|"associated with"| AND["AND"]
        APOPTOSIS["APOPTOSIS"] -->|"associated with"| AND["AND"]
    end
    subgraph Signaling["Signaling"]
        CYTOKINES["CYTOKINES"] -->|"activates"| AND["AND"]
    end
    style AND fill:#90a4ae,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:3px,color:#e0e0e0,font-weight:bold
    style oxidative_stress_response fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style apoptosis_pathway fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style endothelial_cells fill:#006494,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style Alzheimer_s_disease fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style Alzheimer_s_disease_1 fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style neurodegeneration fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style PS1 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style ubiquitin_proteasome fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style Atherosclerosis fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style TP53 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style MYC fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style JUN fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style APOPTOSIS fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style CYTOKINES fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
    style APOPTOSIS_2 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0

Outgoing (1921)

TargetRelationTypeStr
Ftdregulatesdisease0.65
Frontotemporal Dementiaactivatesdisease0.65
Fibrosiscausesdisease0.65
Glaucomainhibitsdisease0.65
Tauopathyregulatesdisease0.65

Incoming (1428)

SourceRelationTypeStr
NLRP12activatesgene0.60
VAV2activatesgene0.60
MAPLactivatesgene0.60
SENP1activatesgene0.60
SOCS3activatesgene0.60

Targeting Hypotheses (30)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

HypothesisScoreDiseaseAnalysis
Closed-loop optogenetic targeting PV interneurons to restore 0.959 alzheimers Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode
Closed-loop transcranial focused ultrasound targeting EC-II 0.955 alzheimers Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode
p38α Inhibitor and PRMT1 Activator Combination to Restore Ph 0.895 neurodegeneration What is the therapeutic window between i
Closed-loop tACS targeting EC-II parvalbumin interneurons to 0.869 alzheimers Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode
SFPQ Paralog Displacement Triggers Cryptic Polyadenylation a 0.864 als -
Closed-loop focused ultrasound targeting EC-II PV interneuro 0.863 alzheimers Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode
Sequential Iron Chelation (Deferoxamine) and GPX4 Restoratio 0.838 neurodegeneration Can ferroptosis inhibitors prevent BBB d
ATM Kinase Hyperactivation Triggers DNA Damage Response Over 0.837 als -
Activity-Dependent CD55/CD46 Trafficking and Synaptic Surfac 0.833 synaptic-biology What determines the selectivity of compl
TDP-43 RNA-proteostasis failure across ALS, FTD, and AD/LATE 0.828 multi Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanis
Closed-loop transcranial focused ultrasound to restore hippo 0.827 alzheimers Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode
Hippocampal CA3-CA1 circuit rescue via neurogenesis and syna 0.820 alzheimers Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode
SNCA conformer propagation across PD, DLB, and MSA 0.820 multi Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanis
C9ORF72 autophagy-lysosome collapse across ALS and FTD 0.816 multi Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanis
MAPT tau seeding and release across AD, FTD, and PD-spectrum 0.812 multi Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanis
SLC7A11 System Activation Restores Cystine Uptake and GSH Sy 0.812 neurodegeneration Can ferroptosis inhibitors prevent BBB d
Closed-loop tACS targeting EC-II PV interneurons to suppress 0.811 alzheimers Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode
TIA1 Low-Complexity Domain Oxidation Drives Aberrant Stress 0.810 als -
Integrated Multi-Analyte CSF Panel Combining YKL-40, sTREM2, 0.807 biomarkers What biomarkers can reliably detect micr
TREM2-APOE microglial state switching across AD, ALS, and PD 0.804 multi Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanis
Targeting the Mechanistic Link Between AQP4 Dysfunction and 0.803 neurodegeneration Can ferroptosis inhibitors prevent BBB d
MATR3 Nuclear Body Disruption Impairs RNA Processing Hubs an 0.801 als -
NLRP3 inflammasome amplification across AD and PD proteinopa 0.800 multi Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanis
Closed-loop transcranial focused ultrasound targeting CA1 PV 0.797 alzheimers Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode
PINK1/Parkin mitophagy failure across PD, AD, and ALS 0.796 multi Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanis
HDAC6 Inhibition for Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease and ALS 0.793 neurodegeneration Test
NMN Supplementation Restores SIRT1/p66Shc/FOXO3 Epigenetic A 0.790 neurodegeneration epigenetic reprogramming aging neurons
Closed-loop tACS targeting entorhinal cortex layer II SST in 0.784 alzheimers Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode
Sleep-Dependent Glymphatic Clearance Expands the Therapeutic 0.780 neurodegeneration What is the therapeutic window between t
eIF2α Phosphorylation Imbalance Disrupts Mitochondrial Prote 0.000 als -

Mentioning Analyses (0)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

No analyses mention this entity

Experiments (3)

Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity

ExperimentTypeDiseaseScoreFeasibilityModelStatusEst. Cost
Plant-based dietary patterns and Alzheimer's disease risk in multiethn clinical Alzheimer's disease and relate 0.950 0.00 human patients proposed N/A
MAPK pathway inhibition by QTJD through butyrate mechanism exploratory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumoni 0.900 0.00 Mouse macrophages proposed N/A
Sequential DFO + Sulforaphane Prevents Iron-Ferroptosis Cascade in Rat in_vivo post-cardiac-arrest neurodegen 0.768 0.72 Sprague-Dawley rat asphyxial c abandoned $48,000

Related Papers (15)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMIDAuthorsJournalYearCitations
Enhancing TREM2 expression activates microglia and modestly mitigates tau pathol [PMID:40122810] ["Chen Kai", "Li Fuyao", "Zhang Shuwen", Journal of neuroinflammation 2025 0
Enhancing TREM2 expression activates microglia and modestly mitigates tau pathol [PMID:40122810] ["Chen Kai", "Li Fuyao", "Zhang Shuwen", Journal of neuroinflammation 2025 0
Targeting Neural Oscillations for Cognitive Enhancement in Alzheimer’s Disease [PMID:40142358] Federica Palacino, P. Manganotti, A. Ben {'name': 'Medicina', 'volume': 2025 0
P-tau217 correlates with neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease, and targeting [PMID:38513667] Zhang D, Zhang W, Ming C, Gao X, Yuan H, Neuron 2024 0
The necroptosis cell death pathway drives neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disea [PMID:38852117] Balusu S, De Strooper B Acta neuropathologica 2024 0
Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Mellitus in Alzheimer's Disease. [PMID:34069890] Burillo J, Marqués P, Jiménez B, Gonzále Cells 2021 0
Impact of 40 Hz Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on Cerebral Tau Bur [PMID:34958021] M. Dhaynaut, G. Sprugnoli, D. Cappon {'name': "Journal of Alzheimer 2021 0
Neurodegeneration and Inflammation-An Interesting Interplay in Parkinson's Disea [PMID:33182554] Marogianni C, Sokratous M, Dardiotis E, International journal of molec 2020 0
Neurodegeneration and Inflammation-An Interesting Interplay in Parkinson's Disea [PMID:33182554] Marogianni C, Sokratous M, Dardiotis E, International journal of molec 2020 0
Multiple Sclerosis Pathology. [PMID:29358320] Lassmann H Cold Spring Harbor perspective 2018 0
A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the cause of chromosome 9p21-lin [PMID:21944779] Unknown Neuron 2011 0
TDP-43 immunoreactivity in hippocampal sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. [PMID:17469117] Unknown Annals of neurology 2007 0
Ubiquitinated TDP-43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic latera [PMID:17023659] Unknown Science (New York, N.Y.) 2006 0
Intraneuronal beta-amyloid aggregates, neurodegeneration, and neuron loss in tra [PMID:17021169] ["Oakley, Holly", "Cole, Sarah L", "Loga The Journal of neuroscience : 2006 0
The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: progress and problems on the road [PMID:12130773] ["Hardy, John", "Selkoe, Dennis J"] Science (New York, N.Y.) 2002 0

Debates (0)

Multi-agent debates referencing this entity

No debates reference this entity

Related Research

Hypotheses and analyses mentioning AND in their description or question text

Closed-loop focused ultrasound targeting EC-II PV interneurons to restore theta-

Score: 0.863 · alzheimers · 2026-04-07

## Mechanistic Overview Closed-loop focused ultrasound targeting EC-II PV interneurons to restore theta-gamma coupling a

Sequential Iron Chelation (Deferoxamine) and GPX4 Restoration (Sulforaphane) Pre

Score: 0.838 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-17

## Mechanistic Overview Sequential Iron Chelation (Deferoxamine) and GPX4 Restoration (Sulforaphane) Prevents the Self-A

Activity-Dependent CD55/CD46 Trafficking and Synaptic Surface Localization

Score: 0.833 · synaptic-biology · 2026-04-28

The activity-dependent trafficking of complement regulators CD55 and CD46 to synaptic surfaces represents a dynamic regu

TDP-43 RNA-proteostasis failure across ALS, FTD, and AD/LATE

Score: 0.828 · multi · 2026-04-28

Shared mechanism across ALS, FTD, AD/LATE: Nuclear TDP-43 loss impairs RNA splicing and axonal maintenance; the same mis

Closed-loop transcranial focused ultrasound to restore hippocampal gamma oscilla

Score: 0.827 · alzheimers · 2026-04-16

## Mechanistic Overview Closed-loop transcranial focused ultrasound to restore hippocampal gamma oscillations via glymph

Hippocampal CA3-CA1 circuit rescue via neurogenesis and synaptic preservation

Score: 0.820 · alzheimers · 2026-04-02

## Mechanistic Overview Hippocampal CA3-CA1 circuit rescue via neurogenesis and synaptic preservation starts from the cl

SNCA conformer propagation across PD, DLB, and MSA

Score: 0.820 · multi · 2026-04-28

Shared mechanism across PD, DLB, MSA: SNCA mutations and alpha-synuclein inclusions define neuronal Lewy pathology in PD

C9ORF72 autophagy-lysosome collapse across ALS and FTD

Score: 0.816 · multi · 2026-04-28

Shared mechanism across ALS, FTD: C9ORF72 repeat expansion creates toxic RNA/dipeptide stress while also weakening vesic

MAPT tau seeding and release across AD, FTD, and PD-spectrum disease

Score: 0.812 · multi · 2026-04-28

Shared mechanism across AD, FTD, PD: MAPT dysfunction creates a tau species that can detach from microtubules, aggregate

SLC7A11 System Activation Restores Cystine Uptake and GSH Synthesis to Prevent N

Score: 0.812 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-17

## Mechanistic Overview SLC7A11 System Activation Restores Cystine Uptake and GSH Synthesis to Prevent Neuronal and Endo

Closed-loop tACS targeting EC-II PV interneurons to suppress burst firing and bl

Score: 0.811 · alzheimers · 2026-04-05

## Mechanistic Overview Closed-loop tACS targeting EC-II PV interneurons to suppress burst firing and block tau propagat

Integrated Multi-Analyte CSF Panel Combining YKL-40, sTREM2, and Neurogranin

Score: 0.807 · biomarkers · 2026-04-22

## Mechanistic Overview Integrated Multi-Analyte CSF Panel Combining YKL-40, sTREM2, and Neurogranin starts from the cla

TREM2-APOE microglial state switching across AD, ALS, and PD

Score: 0.804 · multi · 2026-04-28

Shared mechanism across AD, ALS, PD: TREM2-APOE signaling shifts microglia into a disease-associated state that can clea