Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node
This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about AND: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.
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| Name | AND |
| Key Genes/Proteins | 6-OHDA, ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCG2, ACC, ACE |
| Linked Hypotheses | 1 hypotheses |
Knowledge base pages for this entity
graph TD
subgraph Interactions["Interactions"]
AND["AND"] -->|"participates in"| oxidative_stress_response["oxidative stress response"]
AND["AND"] -->|"participates in"| apoptosis_pathway["apoptosis pathway"]
AND["AND"] -->|"interacts with"| Alzheimer_s_disease["Alzheimer's disease"]
AND["AND"] -->|"participates in"| ubiquitin_proteasome["ubiquitin-proteasome"]
TP53["TP53"] -->|"interacts with"| AND["AND"]
APOPTOSIS_2["APOPTOSIS"] -->|"interacts with"| AND["AND"]
end
subgraph Therapeutic["Therapeutic"]
AND["AND"] -->|"expressed in"| endothelial_cells["endothelial cells"]
end
subgraph Pathology["Pathology"]
AND["AND"] -->|"associated with"| Alzheimer_s_disease_1["Alzheimer's disease"]
AND["AND"] -->|"associated with"| neurodegeneration["neurodegeneration"]
AND["AND"] -->|"associated with"| PS1["PS1"]
AND["AND"] -->|"associated with"| Atherosclerosis["Atherosclerosis"]
MYC["MYC"] -->|"associated with"| AND["AND"]
JUN["JUN"] -->|"associated with"| AND["AND"]
APOPTOSIS["APOPTOSIS"] -->|"associated with"| AND["AND"]
end
subgraph Signaling["Signaling"]
CYTOKINES["CYTOKINES"] -->|"activates"| AND["AND"]
end
style AND fill:#90a4ae,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:3px,color:#e0e0e0,font-weight:bold
style oxidative_stress_response fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style apoptosis_pathway fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style endothelial_cells fill:#006494,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Alzheimer_s_disease fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Alzheimer_s_disease_1 fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style neurodegeneration fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PS1 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style ubiquitin_proteasome fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Atherosclerosis fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style TP53 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style MYC fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style JUN fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style APOPTOSIS fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style CYTOKINES fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style APOPTOSIS_2 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0| Target | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ftd | regulates | disease | 0.65 |
| Frontotemporal Dementia | activates | disease | 0.65 |
| Glioblastoma | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Glaucoma | inhibits | disease | 0.65 |
| Tauopathy | regulates | disease | 0.65 |
| Ftd | activates | disease | 0.65 |
| Epilepsy | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Fibrosis | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Pain | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Prion | activates | disease | 0.65 |
| Frontotemporal Dementia | regulates | disease | 0.65 |
| Lewy Body | regulates | disease | 0.65 |
| Longevity | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Anxiety | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Ms | regulates | disease | 0.65 |
| Ms | inhibits | disease | 0.65 |
| Depression | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Cancer | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Atherosclerosis | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Huntington | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Alzheimer | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Schizophrenia | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Inflammation | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Autoimmune | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Parkinson | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Cardiovascular | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Hypertension | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Bipolar | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Dementia | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Als | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Ftd | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Ms | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Frontotemporal Dementia | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Aging | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Ms | activates | disease | 0.65 |
| Pain | regulates | disease | 0.65 |
| Longevity | regulates | disease | 0.65 |
| Prion | regulates | disease | 0.65 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Ischemia | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Neuroinflammation | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Neurodegeneration | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Tumor | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Obesity | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Diabetes | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Traumatic Brain Injury | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Glaucoma | causes | disease | 0.65 |
| Ataxia | inhibits | disease | 0.65 |
| Source | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRMD4A | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| NEAT1 | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| SMN | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| SNAP25 | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| TMX2 | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| HDAC2 | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| SENP1 | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| YWHAZ | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| P53 | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| DNA | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| MICRORNAS | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| ERK | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| MEK | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| PP2C | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| ERBB4 | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| SARS | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| GDNF | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| BCL2 | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| BMAL1 | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| IL-13 | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| ULK1 | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| PRKAB1 | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| PIEZO | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| IRF1 | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| TRKB | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| ACOX1 | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| ELF3 | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| G6PD | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| DENDRITE | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| JAK1 | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| KCNK3 | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| ACETYL-COA | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| FN1 | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| TNF-Α | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| NRF1 | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| FAM171A2 | regulates | gene | 0.60 |
| MECP2 | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| MET | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| BAX | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| PROTEIN MISFOLDING | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| DIABETES MELLITUS | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| MTOR | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| PI3K | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| KRAS | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| RAF | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| PRMT5 | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| RNA SPLICING | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| FEATURE DEGS | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| P38 | causes | gene | 0.60 |
| PKM2 | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target
Scientific analyses that reference this entity
No analyses mention this entity
Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity
| Experiment | Type | Disease | Score | Feasibility | Model | Status | Est. Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plant-based dietary patterns and Alzheimer's disease risk in multiethn | clinical | Alzheimer's disease and relate | 0.950 | 0.00 | human patients | proposed | N/A |
| MAPK pathway inhibition by QTJD through butyrate mechanism | exploratory | Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumoni | 0.900 | 0.00 | Mouse macrophages | proposed | N/A |
| Sequential DFO + Sulforaphane Prevents Iron-Ferroptosis Cascade in Rat | in_vivo | post-cardiac-arrest neurodegen | 0.768 | 0.72 | Sprague-Dawley rat asphyxial c | abandoned | $48,000 |
Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity
| Title & PMID | Authors | Journal | Year | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enhancing TREM2 expression activates microglia and modestly mitigates tau pathol [PMID:40122810] | ["Chen Kai", "Li Fuyao", "Zhang Shuwen", | Journal of neuroinflammation | 2025 | 0 |
| Enhancing TREM2 expression activates microglia and modestly mitigates tau pathol [PMID:40122810] | ["Chen Kai", "Li Fuyao", "Zhang Shuwen", | Journal of neuroinflammation | 2025 | 0 |
| Targeting Neural Oscillations for Cognitive Enhancement in Alzheimer’s Disease [PMID:40142358] | Federica Palacino, P. Manganotti, A. Ben | {'name': 'Medicina', 'volume': | 2025 | 0 |
| P-tau217 correlates with neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease, and targeting [PMID:38513667] | Zhang D, Zhang W, Ming C, Gao X, Yuan H, | Neuron | 2024 | 0 |
| The necroptosis cell death pathway drives neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disea [PMID:38852117] | Balusu S, De Strooper B | Acta neuropathologica | 2024 | 0 |
| Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Mellitus in Alzheimer's Disease. [PMID:34069890] | Burillo J, Marqués P, Jiménez B, Gonzále | Cells | 2021 | 0 |
| Impact of 40 Hz Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on Cerebral Tau Bur [PMID:34958021] | M. Dhaynaut, G. Sprugnoli, D. Cappon | {'name': "Journal of Alzheimer | 2021 | 0 |
| Neurodegeneration and Inflammation-An Interesting Interplay in Parkinson's Disea [PMID:33182554] | Marogianni C, Sokratous M, Dardiotis E, | International journal of molec | 2020 | 0 |
| Neurodegeneration and Inflammation-An Interesting Interplay in Parkinson's Disea [PMID:33182554] | Marogianni C, Sokratous M, Dardiotis E, | International journal of molec | 2020 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis Pathology. [PMID:29358320] | Lassmann H | Cold Spring Harbor perspective | 2018 | 0 |
| A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the cause of chromosome 9p21-lin [PMID:21944779] | Unknown | Neuron | 2011 | 0 |
| TDP-43 immunoreactivity in hippocampal sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. [PMID:17469117] | Unknown | Annals of neurology | 2007 | 0 |
| Ubiquitinated TDP-43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic latera [PMID:17023659] | Unknown | Science (New York, N.Y.) | 2006 | 0 |
| Intraneuronal beta-amyloid aggregates, neurodegeneration, and neuron loss in tra [PMID:17021169] | ["Oakley, Holly", "Cole, Sarah L", "Loga | The Journal of neuroscience : | 2006 | 0 |
| The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: progress and problems on the road [PMID:12130773] | ["Hardy, John", "Selkoe, Dennis J"] | Science (New York, N.Y.) | 2002 | 0 |
Multi-agent debates referencing this entity
No debates reference this entity
Hypotheses and analyses mentioning AND in their description or question text
Score: 0.863 · alzheimers · 2026-04-07
## Mechanistic Overview Closed-loop focused ultrasound targeting EC-II PV interneurons to restore theta-gamma coupling a
Score: 0.838 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-17
## Mechanistic Overview Sequential Iron Chelation (Deferoxamine) and GPX4 Restoration (Sulforaphane) Prevents the Self-A
Score: 0.833 · synaptic-biology · 2026-04-28
The activity-dependent trafficking of complement regulators CD55 and CD46 to synaptic surfaces represents a dynamic regu
Score: 0.828 · multi · 2026-04-28
Shared mechanism across ALS, FTD, AD/LATE: Nuclear TDP-43 loss impairs RNA splicing and axonal maintenance; the same mis
Score: 0.827 · alzheimers · 2026-04-16
## Mechanistic Overview Closed-loop transcranial focused ultrasound to restore hippocampal gamma oscillations via glymph
Score: 0.820 · alzheimers · 2026-04-02
## Mechanistic Overview Hippocampal CA3-CA1 circuit rescue via neurogenesis and synaptic preservation starts from the cl
Score: 0.820 · multi · 2026-04-28
Shared mechanism across PD, DLB, MSA: SNCA mutations and alpha-synuclein inclusions define neuronal Lewy pathology in PD
Score: 0.816 · multi · 2026-04-28
Shared mechanism across ALS, FTD: C9ORF72 repeat expansion creates toxic RNA/dipeptide stress while also weakening vesic
Score: 0.812 · multi · 2026-04-28
Shared mechanism across AD, FTD, PD: MAPT dysfunction creates a tau species that can detach from microtubules, aggregate
Score: 0.812 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-17
## Mechanistic Overview SLC7A11 System Activation Restores Cystine Uptake and GSH Synthesis to Prevent Neuronal and Endo
Score: 0.811 · alzheimers · 2026-04-05
## Mechanistic Overview Closed-loop tACS targeting EC-II PV interneurons to suppress burst firing and block tau propagat
Score: 0.807 · biomarkers · 2026-04-22
## Mechanistic Overview Integrated Multi-Analyte CSF Panel Combining YKL-40, sTREM2, and Neurogranin starts from the cla
Score: 0.804 · multi · 2026-04-28
Shared mechanism across AD, ALS, PD: TREM2-APOE signaling shifts microglia into a disease-associated state that can clea