gene

GRN

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about GRN: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

930Connections

4Hypotheses

2Analyses

50Outgoing

50Incoming

1Experiments

2Debates

Summary

Gene profile: GRN - Progranulin gene in FTD and NCL

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🧬 Gene Info

Gene Symbol	GRN
Full Name	Progranulin
Aliases	Gene profile: GRN
Chromosome	17q21.31
Protein Family	Granulin family
Function	Each granulin domain is approximately 90 amino acids with 12 conserved cysteine residues forming 6 disulfide bonds, creating a compact, stable structure[3].
Primary Expression	Cerebral cortex, Hippocampus, Microglia, Substantia nigra
Subcellular Localization	Secreted; also localizes to lysosomes
Molecular Weight	~90 kDa (secreted); 68 kDa (granulin domain)
Amino Acids	593 aa
Pathways	Autophagy, Immune Response
UniProt ID	P28799
Ensembl ID	ENSG00000030582
GeneCards	GRN
Human Protein Atlas	GRN
Associated Diseases	Aging, Als, Alzheimer, Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Interactions	Actin, AD, ALS, ALZHEIMER, ALZHEIMER DISEASE, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
SciDEX Hypotheses	GRN/progranulin lysosomal insufficiency across FTD
KG Connections	930 knowledge graph edges
Databases	GeneCards NCBI Gene HPA STRING

🔮 Predicted Structure: GRN — AlphaFold P28799 Click to expand

AI-predicted structure from AlphaFold | Powered by Mol*

Wiki Pages (11)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

Canonical Page

Pathway Diagram

graph TD
    GRN["GRN"]
    GRN -->|"encodes"| progranulin["progranulin"]
    GRN -->|"regulates"| microglia["microglia"]
    GRN -->|"inhibits"| aberrant_microglia_activation["aberrant microglia activation"]
    GRN -->|"causes"| lysosomal_dysfunction["lysosomal dysfunction"]
    GRN -->|"activates"| Alzheimer["Alzheimer"]
    GRN -->|"activates"| Dementia["Dementia"]
    GRN -->|"activates"| Als["Als"]
    GRN -->|"target for"| Amyotrophic_Lateral_Sclerosis["Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis"]
    CTSB["CTSB"] -->|"activates"| GRN
    C1QA["C1QA"] -->|"activates"| GRN
    SPP1["SPP1"] -->|"activates"| GRN
    C9ORF72["C9ORF72"] -->|"target for"| GRN
    GENES["GENES"] -->|"target for"| GRN
    DNA["DNA"] -->|"activates"| GRN
    FUS["FUS"] -->|"target for"| GRN
    ALZHEIMER_S_DISEASE["ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE"] -->|"target for"| GRN
    ACE["ACE"] -->|"target for"| GRN

Outgoing (574)

Target	Relation	Type	Str
benchmark_ot_ad_answer_key:GRN	data_in	dataset_row	0.00
ds-83b31ef18d49	provides_data_for	dataset	1.00
Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration	risk_factor_for	disease	0.95
Lysosomal Function	involved_in	process	0.95
Frontotemporal Dementia	risk_factor_for	disease	0.95
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis	causes	disease	0.95
Astrocyte Toxicity	mediates	mechanism	0.90
Neuroinflammation	regulates	process	0.85
microglial inflammatory response	suppresses	process	0.85
Alzheimer Disease	risk_factor_for	disease	0.85
TAR	interacts_with	gene	0.80
neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis	causes	disease	0.80
FTLD	implicated_in	disease	0.80
Disease Pathogenesis	involved_in	process	0.80
frontotemporal dementia	causes	disease	0.80
Inflammation	therapeutic_target	disease	0.75
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	therapeutic_target	disease	0.75
Als	therapeutic_target	disease	0.75
Neurodegeneration	therapeutic_target	disease	0.75
Dementia	therapeutic_target	disease	0.75
Dementia	causes	disease	0.75
TREM2	inhibits	gene	0.70
MICROGLIA	expresses	cell_type	0.70
RAGE	disrupts	gene	0.70
OLIGODENDROCYTE	markers	cell_type	0.70
NEURONS	markers	cell_type	0.70
OLIGODENDROCYTES	markers	cell_type	0.70
STING	markers	gene	0.70
LEWY BODY DEMENTIA	disrupts	disease	0.70
NEURONS	associated_with	cell_type	0.70
MACROPHAGE	regulates	cell_type	0.70
MAPT	markers	gene	0.70
STING	degrades	gene	0.70
VCP	activates	gene	0.70
TREM2	expressed_in	gene	0.70
MACROPHAGE	causes	cell_type	0.70
MAPT	activates	gene	0.70
MICROGLIA	protects_against	cell_type	0.70
SQSTM1	activates	gene	0.70
frontotemporal dementia	associated_with	disease	0.70
microglia	regulates	cell_type	0.70
progranulin	encodes	protein	0.70
Alzheimer's disease	causes	disease	0.70
Parkinson's disease	causes	disease	0.70
autophagy pathway	participates_in	pathway	0.70
RNA	associated_with	gene	0.70
ubiquitin-proteasome	participates_in	pathway	0.70
neurodegeneration	regulates	disease	0.70
aberrant microglia activation	inhibits	process	0.70
schizophrenia	associated_with	disease	0.70

Incoming (356)

Source	Relation	Type	Str
benchmark_ot_ad_answer_key:GRN	data_in	dataset_row	0.00
ds-83b31ef18d49	data_in	dataset	1.00
SPP1	upregulates	gene	0.90
ALZHEIMER DISEASE	associated_with	gene	0.80
DNA	interacts_with	gene	0.80
GPNMB	associated_with	gene	0.80
FTD	protects_against	disease	0.70
AMPK	activates	gene	0.70
BIN1	interacts_with	gene	0.70
APOE	protects_against	gene	0.70
FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA	associated_with	disease	0.70
CD2AP	causes	gene	0.70
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS	associated_with	disease	0.70
APOE	expressed_in	gene	0.70
BIN1	targets	gene	0.70
C9ORF72	markers	gene	0.70
APOE	causes	gene	0.70
C9ORF72	interacts_with	gene	0.70
FTD	regulates	disease	0.70
FTLD	regulates	gene	0.70
NEURODEGENERATION	therapeutic_target	gene	0.70
GENES	therapeutic_target	gene	0.70
NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES	therapeutic_target	gene	0.70
h-cross-synth-grn-lysosomal-microglia	proposes_shared_mechanism	hypothesis	0.68
NEURON	treats	cell_type	0.65
CORTEX	treats	brain_region	0.65
DEMENTIA	interacts_with	disease	0.65
NEURONS	activates	cell_type	0.65
LYSOSOMAL DYSFUNCTION	treats	phenotype	0.65
ASTROCYTE	associated_with	gene	0.65
FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA	causes	disease	0.65
TMEM106B	causes	gene	0.65
TMEM106B	increases_risk	gene	0.65
TREM2	interacts_with	gene	0.65
CLU	associated_with	gene	0.65
FUS	co_discussed	gene	0.65
TREM2	treats	gene	0.65
TAU	causes	gene	0.60
SOD1	expressed_in	gene	0.60
PROGRANULIN	causes	gene	0.60
FUS	causes	gene	0.60
C9ORF72	causes	gene	0.60
CTSD	associated_with	gene	0.60
AQP4	activates	gene	0.60
C9ORF72	protects_against	gene	0.60
MAPT	associated_with	gene	0.60
FUS	associated_with	gene	0.60
LRRK2	regulates	gene	0.60
TAU	therapeutic_target	gene	0.60
PSEN1	regulates	gene	0.60

Targeting Hypotheses (4)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

Hypothesis	Score	Disease	Analysis
GRN/progranulin lysosomal insufficiency across FTD, ALS-spec	0.756	multi	Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanis
Astrocyte-Neuron Metabolic Coupling Failure Precedes Neurode	0.690	neurodegeneration	Gap 006 analysis (archived stub)
Nrf2 Pathway Activation Compensates for Progranulin Haploins	0.630	neurodegeneration	Test
TFEB-Mediated Lysosomal Biogenesis Restoration for GRN Haplo	0.560	neurodegeneration	Test

Mentioning Analyses (2)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanism synthesis

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-28 | 17 hypotheses Top: 0.828

Cell type vulnerability in Alzheimer's Disease (SEA-AD data - v2)

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-03 | 12 hypotheses Top: 0.726

Experiments (1)

Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity

Experiment	Type	Disease	Score	Feasibility	Model	Status	Est. Cost
Presymptomatic GRN Carrier Intervention Timing — Biomarker-Guided Ther	clinical	Neurodegeneration	0.400	0.50	human	proposed	$5,460,000

Related Papers (3)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMID	Authors	Journal	Year	Citations
The TREM2-APOE Pathway Drives the Transcriptional Phenotype of Dysfunctional Mic [PMID:28930663]	Krasemann S, Madore C, Cialic R, Baufeld	Immunity	2017	1
Mutations in progranulin cause tau-negative frontotemporal dementia linked to ch [PMID:16862116]	Unknown	Nature	2006	0
Null mutations in progranulin cause ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal dementia l [PMID:16862115]	Unknown	Nature	2006	0

Debates (2)

Multi-agent debates referencing this entity

Which AD, PD, ALS, and FTD mechanisms recur across disease boundaries and yield

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.72 · 2026-04-28

What cell types are most vulnerable in Alzheimer's Disease based on SEA-AD trans

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.95 · 2026-04-03

Related Research

Hypotheses and analyses mentioning GRN in their description or question text

No additional research found

GRN

Understanding Entity Pages

Summary

Wiki Pages (11)

GRN — Progranulin

GRN Progranulin FTD Causal Chain

Progranulin Protein (PGRN)

Progranulin (PGRN)

Progranulin (PGRN) - Biomarker

GRN Carrier Resilience in Frontotemporal Dementia

GRN Carrier Resilience: Why Some Mutation Carriers Remain Asymptomatic

TDP-43 vs Tau Pathology Determination in GRN vs MAPT Mutation Carriers

Presymptomatic GRN Carrier Intervention Timing — Biomarker-Guided Therapy Initiation

GRN (Redirect)

GRN-Mutant Neurons