protein

TDP-43

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about TDP-43: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

2679Connections
30Hypotheses
27Analyses
50Outgoing
50Incoming
1Experiments
20Debates

Summary

TAR DNA-binding protein 43, an RNA/DNA-binding protein central to ALS, FTD, and AD pathology.

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🔬 Protein Info
Gene SymbolTDP
Full Name43 Protein
AliasesTDP-43
Chromosome1p36.
FunctionTDP-43 is central to the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and is commonly co-detected in Alzheimer's disease as a secondary pathology.
Subcellular Localizationsignal (
GeneCardsTDP
Human Protein AtlasTDP
FUS proteinanother RNA-binding protein with similar pathogenic mechanisms in ALS and FTD
RNA metabolism pathwaysparticularly alternative
Associated DiseasesAd, AD-TDP co-pathology, Aging, als
Known Drugs/CompoundsASO, PROTAC, rapamycin, RAPAMYCIN, Rna Oligonucleotides, RNA oligonucleotides
Interactions14-3-3θ, 4R-TAU, Actin, AGING, ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN, ALS
SciDEX HypothesesRNA-binding protein condensate maturation from rev
Cell-state stratification is required to resolve B
KG Connections1765 knowledge graph edges
DatabasesGeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING
🔮 Predicted Structure: TDP-43 — AlphaFold Q13148 Click to expand

AI-predicted structure from AlphaFold | Powered by Mol*

Wiki Pages (21)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

Canonical Page

TDP-43 Protein

redirect · 697 words

Validated Hypothesis: Microglial AIM2 Inflammasome as the Primary Driver of TDP-43 Proteinopathy Neuroinflammation in ALS/FTD

hypothesis · 5607 words

Validated Hypothesis: p38α Inhibitor and PRMT1 Activator Combination to Restore Physiological TDP-43 Phosphorylation-Methylation Balance

hypothesis · 4763 words

TDP-43 Proteinopathy

mechanism · 4112 words

Validated Hypothesis: HSPB1 Phosphorylation Mimetics to Promote Protective TDP-43 Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation

hypothesis · 3924 words

TDP-43 Proteinopathy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

mechanism · 3471 words

Pathway Diagram

graph TD
    TDP_43["TDP-43"]
    TDP_43 -->|"activates"| mitochondrial_permeability_tra["mitochondrial permeability transition pore"]
    TDP_43 -->|"causes"| mitochondrial_DNA["mitochondrial DNA"]
    TDP_43 -->|"activates"| NF__B["NF-kappaB"]
    TDP_43 -->|"activates"| mPTP["mPTP"]
    TDP_43 -->|"causes"| ALS["ALS"]
    TDP_43 -.biomarker for.-> frontotemporal_lobar_degenerat["frontotemporal lobar degeneration"]
    TDP_43 -->|"expressed in"| neuron["neuron"]
    TDP_43 -->|"regulates"| translation_fidelity["translation fidelity"]
    ANXA11["ANXA11"] -->|"interacts"| TDP_43
    CSNK1D["CSNK1D"] -->|"phosphorylates"| TDP_43
    progranulin["progranulin"] -->|"regulates"| TDP_43
    ALS -->|"interacts"| TDP_43
    TARDBP["TARDBP"] -->|"encodes"| TDP_43
    APOE4["APOE4"] -->|"activates"| TDP_43
    GGGGCC_repeat_RNA["GGGGCC repeat RNA"] -->|"regulates"| TDP_43
    NEAT1["NEAT1"] -->|"regulates"| TDP_43
    C9orf72["C9orf72"] -->|"regulates"| TDP_43
    MITOCHONDRIAL_DNA["MITOCHONDRIAL DNA"] -->|"activates"| TDP_43

Outgoing (1333)

TargetRelationTypeStr
oligomerizationregulatesprocess1.00
RNA bindingregulatesprocess1.00
LDLRbindsgene1.00
AGGREGATIONcausesprocess1.00
SREBF2bindsgene1.00

Incoming (1346)

SourceRelationTypeStr
entities-histone-modificationsinteracts_withwiki0.00
entities-mitochondrial-dynamicsinteracts_withwiki0.00
p38α MAPKphosphorylatesprotein1.00
TARDBPassociated_withgene1.00
SUMO2/3conjugatesprotein1.00

Targeting Hypotheses (30)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

HypothesisScoreDiseaseAnalysis
p38α Inhibitor and PRMT1 Activator Combination to Restore Ph 0.895 neurodegeneration What is the therapeutic window between i
TDP-43 RNA-proteostasis failure across ALS, FTD, and AD/LATE 0.828 multi Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanis
Microglial AIM2 Inflammasome as the Primary Driver of TDP-43 0.824 neurodegeneration What are the mechanisms by which gut mic
HSPB1 Phosphorylation Mimetics to Promote Protective TDP-43 0.820 neurodegeneration What is the therapeutic window between i
TIA1 Low-Complexity Domain Oxidation Drives Aberrant Stress 0.810 als -
TDP-43 Proteinopathy as a Cross-Disease Pathological Substra 0.760 neurodegeneration Cross-disease neurodegeneration mechanis
STMN2 Cryptic Exon Inclusion is the Earliest Loss-of-Functio 0.760 als Causal Sequence of TDP-43 Nuclear Cleara
H3: G3BP1 as Nucleation Hub for TDP-43/FUS Seeding 0.743 neurodegeneration How do pathological stress granules tran
TDP-43 condensation thermodynamics as a therapeutic target a 0.724 neuroscience How can subcellular compartmentalization
C9orf72 ASO Treatment Reverses TDP-43 Pathology in ALS/FTD 0.720 neurodegeneration Test Hypothesis Fixtures
SASP-Secreted MMP-9 from Senescent Microglia Generates Patho 0.718 als What are the mechanisms by which microgl
TDP-43 Pathology Disrupts the HGS-PYGB Autophagy Receptor Ca 0.703 neurodegeneration What mechanisms underlie neuronal resist
TDP-43 phase-separation and nuclear-function failure in ALS/ 0.690 neurodegeneration Test
STMN2 Restoration as a Prerequisite for Axon Growth After TD 0.683 neurodegeneration What molecular mechanisms enable functio
Glial Neuroinflammatory Amplification by TDP-43 Pathology 0.680 neurodegeneration What mechanisms underlie TDP-43's contri
Cyclophilin D (CypD) Displacement by Mitochondrial TDP-43 0.656 neurodegeneration What upstream mechanisms cause TDP-43 to
ISR/eIF2α~P Overflow Represses Synaptic Proteostasis in Cort 0.650 frontotemporal-dementia -
TDP-43 Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Dominance in Stress Gr 0.650 alzheimers -
RNA-binding protein condensate maturation from reversible ph 0.626 neurodegeneration Causal Sequence of TDP-43 Nuclear Cleara
RNA-binding protein condensate maturation from reversible ph 0.626 neurodegeneration Biophysical Determinants Shifting FUS/TD
Nuclear TDP-43 Depletion Drives Synaptic Splicing Dysregulat 0.620 neurodegeneration Gap 006 analysis (archived stub)
Cell-state stratification is required to resolve Biophysical 0.612 neurodegeneration Biophysical Determinants Shifting FUS/TD
Cell-state stratification is required to resolve Causal Sequ 0.612 neurodegeneration Causal Sequence of TDP-43 Nuclear Cleara
Perturbation-first validation should precede therapeutic cla 0.608 neurodegeneration Causal Sequence of TDP-43 Nuclear Cleara
Perturbation-first validation should precede therapeutic cla 0.608 neurodegeneration Biophysical Determinants Shifting FUS/TD
TDP-43 LLPS and proteostasis dysregulation in ALS/FTD 0.600 neurodegeneration Test
Cytosolic TDP-43 aggregation sequesters SNAP29 and syntaxin- 0.600 neurodegeneration What are the neuron-specific effects of
Aβ42 oligomers drive TDP-43 phosphorylation at s409/410 thro 0.595 neurodegeneration What mechanisms drive TDP-43 pathology s
Aβ-induced downregulation of circPDS5B derepresses TDP-43 mR 0.595 neurodegeneration What mechanisms drive TDP-43 pathology s
Nuclear Export Deficits Increase Cytosolic TDP-43 Burden 0.580 neurodegeneration What determines the specificity of TDP-4

Mentioning Analyses (27)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

Methodology challenge: dataset 'Allen Brain SEA-AD Single Cell Dataset' — evalua

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-28 | 7 hypotheses Top: 0.662

Causal Sequence of TDP-43 Nuclear Clearance to Cytoplasmic Aggregation in ALS Mo

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-27 | 4 hypotheses Top: 0.760

Biophysical Determinants Shifting FUS/TDP-43 Phase Separation to Pathological Ag

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-27 | 4 hypotheses Top: 0.680

Oxidative Stress Upstream of TDP-43 Mislocalization in ALS Motor Neurons

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-27 | 0 hypotheses

How does the intron-retained RNA isoform mechanistically reduce glucocerebrosida

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-26 | 7 hypotheses Top: 0.645

Experiments (1)

Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity

ExperimentTypeDiseaseScoreFeasibilityModelStatusEst. Cost
MAPK pathway inhibition by QTJD through butyrate mechanism exploratory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumoni 0.900 0.00 Mouse macrophages proposed N/A

Related Papers (8)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMIDAuthorsJournalYearCitations
Small molecule-driven NLRP3 inflammation inhibition via interplay between ubiqui [PMID:30966861] ["Han X", "Sun S", "Sun Y", "Song Q", "Z Autophagy 2020 1
Inhibition of autophagy in microglia and macrophages exacerbates innate immune r [PMID:36652438] Hegdekar N, Sarkar C, Bustos S, Ritzel R Autophagy 2023 0
Inflammasome assembly in neurodegenerative diseases. [PMID:37633753] Singh J, Habean ML, Panicker N Trends in neurosciences 2023 0
NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis exerts a crucial role in astrocyte pat [PMID:34877938] Li S, Sun Y, Song M, Song Y, Fang Y, Zha JCI insight 2021 0
Inflammasome inhibition prevents α-synuclein pathology and dopaminergic neurodeg [PMID:30381407] Gordon R, Albornoz EA, Christie DC, Lang Science translational medicine 2018 0
A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the cause of chromosome 9p21-lin [PMID:21944779] Unknown Neuron 2011 0
TDP-43 immunoreactivity in hippocampal sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. [PMID:17469117] Unknown Annals of neurology 2007 0
Ubiquitinated TDP-43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic latera [PMID:17023659] Unknown Science (New York, N.Y.) 2006 0

Debates (20)

Multi-agent debates referencing this entity

Structured research brief: Stathmin-2 Splice Switching to Prevent Axonal Degener

archived · Rounds: 2 · Score: 0.73 · 2026-04-28

Methodology challenge: dataset 'Allen Brain SEA-AD Single Cell Dataset' — evalua

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.76 · 2026-04-28

What are the biophysical determinants — RNA binding stoichiometry, post-translat

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.67 · 2026-04-28

What is the precise causal sequence of molecular events linking TDP-43 nuclear c

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.67 · 2026-04-28

Can targeting oxidative stress pathways (NRF2, SOD1, mitochondrial ROS) upstream

closed · Rounds: 6 · Score: 0.62 · 2026-04-27

Debate: Liquid-to-Solid Transition Pathology Reveals Granule Weak Points

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.58 · 2026-04-27

Hypothesis debate: Stathmin-2 Splice Switching to Prevent Axonal Degeneration Ac

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.49 · 2026-04-27

How does the intron-retained RNA isoform mechanistically reduce glucocerebrosida

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 1.00 · 2026-04-26

How does lncRNA-0021 achieve sequence-specific binding to mmu-miR-6361 and what

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.66 · 2026-04-25

The study establishes G3BP1's role as a tunable switch for stress granule assemb

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.69 · 2026-04-22

Related Research

Hypotheses and analyses mentioning TDP-43 in their description or question text

TDP-43 Proteinopathy as a Cross-Disease Pathological Substrate

Score: 0.760 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-28

TDP-43 misfolding and aggregation occurs as primary pathology in ALS/FTD (~95% and ~50% respectively) and as secondary p

STMN2 Cryptic Exon Inclusion is the Earliest Loss-of-Function Marker of TDP-43 N

Score: 0.760 · als · 2026-04-27

Loss of nuclear TDP-43 in ALS motor neurons first manifests as aberrant inclusion of the STMN2 cryptic exon 2a, producin

H3: G3BP1 as Nucleation Hub for TDP-43/FUS Seeding

Score: 0.743 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-22

**Molecular Mechanism and Rationale** The molecular basis of G3BP1-mediated nucleation centers on the dynamic interplay

TDP-43 condensation thermodynamics as a therapeutic target and biomarker for nuc

Score: 0.724 · neuroscience · 2026-04-26

FRAP-based measurement of TDP-43 liquid-liquid phase separation state provides a continuous biomarker of nuclear-cytopla

C9orf72 ASO Treatment Reverses TDP-43 Pathology in ALS/FTD

Score: 0.720 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-26

Antisense oligonucleotides targeting C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion reduce toxic DPR proteins and RNA foci, res

SASP-Secreted MMP-9 from Senescent Microglia Generates Pathological TDP-43 C-Ter

Score: 0.718 · als · 2026-04-26

The hypothesis proposes that MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9), secreted via the senescence-associated secretory phenot

TDP-43 Pathology Disrupts the HGS-PYGB Autophagy Receptor Cascade in Motor Neuro

Score: 0.703 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-26

TDP-43 aggregates sequester hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HGS), a critical hub coordinat

TDP-43 phase-separation and nuclear-function failure in ALS/FTD

Score: 0.690 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-30

Pathological TDP-43 condensate dynamics, phosphorylation, aggregation, and nuclear depletion disrupt RNA processing in A

STMN2 Restoration as a Prerequisite for Axon Growth After TDP-43 Clearance

Score: 0.683 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-14

**Molecular Mechanism and Rationale** The molecular foundation of STMN2 restoration as a prerequisite for axonal regene

Glial Neuroinflammatory Amplification by TDP-43 Pathology

Score: 0.680 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-21

## Mechanistic Overview Glial Neuroinflammatory Amplification by TDP-43 Pathology starts from the claim that modulating

Cyclophilin D (CypD) Displacement by Mitochondrial TDP-43

Score: 0.656 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-21

## Mechanistic Overview Cyclophilin D (CypD) Displacement by Mitochondrial TDP-43 starts from the claim that modulating

RNA-binding protein condensate maturation from reversible phase separation to am

Score: 0.626 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-28

RNA-binding protein condensate maturation from reversible phase separation to amyloid-like aggregation should produce a

RNA-binding protein condensate maturation from reversible phase separation to am

Score: 0.626 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-28

RNA-binding protein condensate maturation from reversible phase separation to amyloid-like aggregation should produce a