gene

TGM2

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about TGM2: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

809Connections
2Hypotheses
2Analyses
50Outgoing
50Incoming

Summary

Transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) is a calcium-dependent enzyme that catalyzes protein cross-linking, implicated in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease through promotion of protein aggregation.

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🧬 Gene Info
Gene SymbolTGM2
Full NameTransglutaminase 2
Protein TypeEnzyme
Target ClassEnzyme
FunctionSmall molecule inhibitors of transglutaminase enzymatic activity
Mechanism of ActionSmall molecule inhibitors of transglutaminase enzymatic activity
Primary Expressionvarious tissues, including the central nervous system, where it is particularly abundant in neurons and glial cells
DruggabilityMedium (0.49)
Clinical StagePhase II
Molecular Weight77 kDa
Amino Acids687 aa
PathwaysAutophagy, G Protein Signaling, Histone Modification, neuronal differentiation
UniProt IDA2A2A0
Ensembl IDENSG00000198959
GeneCardsTGM2
Human Protein AtlasTGM2
Associated DiseasesALS, Aging, Alzheimer, Alzheimer'S Disease
Known Drugs/CompoundsCystamine Dihydrochloride, Urolithin A, organophosphates
InteractionsGPNMB, HMGB1, C1Q, APP, S100B, STAT1
SciDEX TargetView Target Profile (5 clinical trials)
SciDEX HypothesesTransglutaminase-2 Cross-Linking Inhibition Strate
Low Complexity Domain Cross-Linking Inhibition
KG Connections807 knowledge graph edges
DatabasesGeneCardsNCBI GeneHPASTRING
🧬 3D Structure: TGM2 — PDB 1KV3 Click to expand

Experimental structure from RCSB PDB | Powered by Mol*

Wiki Pages (21)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

Canonical Page

TGM2 — Transglutaminase 2

gene · 2103 words

TDP-43 Protein

protein · 3005 words

Update TDP-43 protein page with comprehensive content

protein · 2951 words

VAMP8 — Vesicle Associated Membrane Protein 8

gene · 2502 words

Protein Aggregation in Neurodegeneration

mechanism · 2428 words

Protein Aggregation in Neurodegenerative Disease Comparison

mechanism · 2425 words

Pathway Diagram

flowchart TD
    TGM2["TGM2<br/>(Transglutaminase 2)"]
    
    %% Protective mechanisms
    TGM2 --|"inhibits"|--> Inflammation["Inflammation"]
    TGM2 --|"inhibits"|--> Neuroinflammation["Neuroinflammation"]
    TGM2 --|"inhibits"|--> Senescence["Cellular<br/>Senescence"]
    TGM2 --|"inhibits"|--> Aging["Aging<br/>Process"]
    
    %% Neurodegenerative diseases
    TGM2 --|"regulates"|--> Neurodegeneration["Neurodegeneration"]
    TGM2 --|"inhibits"|--> Alzheimer["Alzheimer's<br/>Disease"]
    TGM2 --|"associated_with"|--> Dementia["Dementia"]
    TGM2 --|"associated_with"|--> ALS["ALS"]
    TGM2 --|"regulates"|--> MS["Multiple<br/>Sclerosis"]
    
    %% Psychiatric conditions
    TGM2 --|"associated_with"|--> Schizophrenia["Schizophrenia"]
    TGM2 --|"associated_with"|--> Depression["Depression"]
    TGM2 --|"associated_with"|--> Anxiety["Anxiety"]
    TGM2 --|"associated_with"|--> Autism["Autism"]
    
    %% Cancer pathways
    TGM2 --|"regulates"|--> Cancer["Cancer"]
    TGM2 --|"biomarker_for"|--> Glioblastoma["Glioblastoma<br/>Multiforme"]
    TGM2 --|"promotes"|--> Radioresistance["Radioresistance"]
    
    %% Therapeutic implications
    Radioresistance --|"reduces_efficacy"|--> Radiotherapy["Radiotherapy<br/>Treatment"]
    
    style TGM2 fill:#006494
    style Inflammation fill:#ef5350
    style Neuroinflammation fill:#ef5350
    style Senescence fill:#ef5350
    style Aging fill:#ef5350
    style Neurodegeneration fill:#ef5350
    style Alzheimer fill:#ef5350
    style Dementia fill:#ef5350
    style ALS fill:#ef5350
    style MS fill:#ef5350
    style Schizophrenia fill:#5d4400
    style Depression fill:#5d4400
    style Anxiety fill:#5d4400
    style Autism fill:#5d4400
    style Cancer fill:#ef5350
    style Glioblastoma fill:#ef5350
    style Radioresistance fill:#ef5350
    style Radiotherapy fill:#1b5e20

Outgoing (475)

TargetRelationTypeStr
Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusionregulatesprocess0.95
Alternative Splicingassociated_withprocess0.95
LC3binds_toentity0.95
H3Q5sermodulatesphenotype0.95
NFKBactivatesentity0.95

Incoming (334)

SourceRelationTypeStr
SDC1interacts_withprotein0.95
alternative splicingmodulatesprocess0.90
Alternative Splicingregulatesbiological_process0.90
h-69d383eatargets_genehypothesis0.90
h-d4f71a6btargets_genehypothesis0.90

Targeting Hypotheses (2)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

HypothesisScoreDiseaseAnalysis
Transglutaminase-2 Cross-Linking Inhibition Strategy 0.488 neurodegeneration Protein aggregation cross-seeding across
Low Complexity Domain Cross-Linking Inhibition 0.415 neurodegeneration TDP-43 phase separation therapeutics for

Mentioning Analyses (2)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

TDP-43 phase separation therapeutics for ALS-FTD

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-01 | 7 hypotheses Top: 0.575

Protein aggregation cross-seeding across neurodegenerative diseases

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-01 | 7 hypotheses Top: 0.488

Related Papers (20)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMIDAuthorsJournalYearCitations
Tgm2-Catalyzed Covalent Cross-Linking of IκBα Drives NF-κB Nuclear Translocation [PMID:39749582] Li Z, Wang T, Du S, Miao Z, Zhao Y, Tang Aging Cell 2025 1
Role of Serotonylation and SERT Posttranslational Modifications in Alzheimer's D [PMID:39254383] Reddy AP, Rawat P, Rohr N, Alvir R, Bish Aging Dis 2024 1
SDC1-dependent TGM2 determines radiosensitivity in glioblastoma by coordinating [PMID:35913916] Zheng W, Chen Q, Liu H, Zeng L, Zhou Y, Autophagy 2023 1
How autophagy controls the intestinal epithelial barrier. [PMID:33906557] Foerster EG, Mukherjee T, Cabral-Fernand Autophagy 2022 1
TGM2 and implications for human disease: role of alternative splicing. [PMID:23276939] Lai TS, Greenberg CS Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2013 1
Transglutaminase 2 modulates inflammatory angiogenesis via vascular endothelial [PMID:40619121] Zhou G, Zhang M, Zheng S, Yang G, Li L e J Adv Res 2026 0
Anti-Proliferative Effects of Resveratrol on Gingival Fibroblasts Derived From A [PMID:41964344] Kara B, Saygun NI, Köse Özkan C, Özgül S J Periodontal Res 2026 0
Combining bulk and scRNA-seq to explore the molecular mechanisms governing the d [PMID:38501838] Zhu S, Cheng Q, Zou M, Li C, Tang Y, Xia Journal of cellular and molecu 2024 0
The Search for a Universal Treatment for Defined and Mixed Pathology Neurodegene [PMID:39769187] O'Day DH International journal of molec 2024 0
Allosteric Activation of Transglutaminase 2 via Inducing an "Open" Conformation [PMID:37088726] Yang Z, Zhang XW, Zhuo FF, Liu TT, Luo Q Advanced science (Weinheim, Ba 2023 0
[WALANT - Wide Awake Local Anaesthesia No Tourniquet: Complications in elective [PMID:35168268] Wieschollek S, Forster S, Megerle K Handchirurgie, Mikrochirurgie, 2022 0
Calmodulin Binding Domains in Critical Risk Proteins Involved in Neurodegenerati [PMID:36421678] ["O'Day D"] Current issues in molecular bi 2022 0
A Consensus-Developed Morphological Re-Evaluation of 196 High-Grade Gastroentero [PMID:33002892] ["Elvebakken H", "Perren A", "Scoazec J" Neuroendocrinology 2021 0
Urolithin A suppresses high glucose-induced neuronal amyloidogenesis by modulati [PMID:32704090] Lee HJ, Jung YH, Choi GE Cell Death Differ 2021 0
Engineering complex communities by directed evolution. [PMID:33986540] Chang CY, Vila JCC, Bender M, Li R, Mank Nature ecology & evolution 2021 0
Successful Nonoperative Treatment of Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Humeral Ca [PMID:34825100] Tajika T, Kuboi T, Endo F, Hatori Y, Sai Progress in rehabilitation med 2021 0
Development of Ligand-Drug Conjugates Targeting Melanoma through the Overexpress [PMID:33073191] ["Zhou Y", "Mowlazadeh Haghighi S", "Liu ACS pharmacology & translation 2020 0
Dietary Gluten and Neurodegeneration: A Case for Preclinical Studies. [PMID:32751379] Mohan M, Okeoma CM, Sestak K International journal of molec 2020 0
An in vitro model maintaining taxon-specific functional activities of the gut mi [PMID:31515476] ["Li L", "Abou-Samra E", "Ning Z", "Zhan Nature communications 2019 0
Human and mouse albumin bind their respective neonatal Fc receptors differently. [PMID:30279529] ["Nilsen J", "Bern M", "Sand K", "Grevys Scientific reports 2018 0