concept

IL-1

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about IL-1: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

1612Connections

14Hypotheses

2Analyses

50Outgoing

50Incoming

2Experiments

3Debates

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💡 Concept Info

Name	IL-1
Key Genes/Proteins	Actin, AEP, AGING, AIF, AIM2, Akt
Related Diseases	Addiction, Aging, Als

Wiki Pages (12)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

Pathway Diagram

graph TD
    IL_1["IL-1"]
    style IL_1 fill:#1a237e,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:3px
    IL_1 -->|"contributes to"| Atherosclerosis["Atherosclerosis"]
    IL_1 -->|"mediates"| Inflammatory_Senescence_Associ(Inflammatory Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype)
    IL_1 -->|"activates"| Ms["Ms"]
    IL_1 -->|"activates"| Tumor["Tumor"]
    IL_1 -->|"activates"| Inflammation["Inflammation"]
    IL_1 -->|"activates"| Alzheimer["Alzheimer"]
    IL_1 -->|"activates"| Aging["Aging"]
    IL_1 -->|"activates"| Phagocytosis["Phagocytosis"]
    IL_1 -->|"activates"| OCLN([OCLN])
    IL_1 -->|"activates"| MLCK([MLCK])
    NLRP3([NLRP3]) -->|"activates"| IL_1
    IL_17([IL-17]) -->|"co_expressed_with"| IL_1
    DISEASE_ASSOCIATED_MICROGLIA([DISEASE-ASSOCIATED MICROGLIA]) -->|"activates"| IL_1
    TNFR1([TNFR1]) -->|"activates"| IL_1
    AND([AND]) -->|"activates"| IL_1
    MICROGLIA([MICROGLIA]) -->|"activates"| IL_1
    MYELIN([MYELIN]) -->|"activates"| IL_1
    CYTOKINES([CYTOKINES]) -->|"activates"| IL_1
    NEURODEGENERATIVE_DISEASES([NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES]) -->|"activates"| IL_1
    PHAGOCYTOSIS([PHAGOCYTOSIS]) -->|"activates"| IL_1

Outgoing (790)

Target	Relation	Type	Str
IL-1	encodes	protein	0.00
Systemic Inflammation	mediates	process	0.85
Cognitive Impairment	associated_with	phenotype	0.85
Senescence-associated secretory phenotype	regulates	phenotype	0.80
Atherosclerosis	contributes_to	disease	0.80
MICROGLIA	upregulates	cell_type	0.80
Inflammatory Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype	mediates	phenotype	0.80
Fibrosis	causes	disease	0.65
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Ischemia	expressed_in	disease	0.65
Pyroptosis	inhibits	disease	0.65
Multiple Sclerosis	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Depression	activates	disease	0.65
Neurodegeneration	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Fibrosis	activates	disease	0.65
Aging	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Ferroptosis	activates	disease	0.65
Ferroptosis	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Neuroinflammation	inhibits	disease	0.65
Ischemia	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Diabetes	activates	disease	0.65
Parkinson	activates	disease	0.65
Dementia	activates	disease	0.65
Stroke	inhibits	disease	0.65
Alzheimer	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Senescence	activates	disease	0.65
Inflammation	activates	disease	0.65
Neuroinflammation	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Ms	activates	disease	0.65
Dementia	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Ischemia	activates	disease	0.65
Als	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Autoimmune	activates	disease	0.65
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	activates	disease	0.65
Alzheimer	activates	disease	0.65
Tumor	activates	disease	0.65
Aging	activates	disease	0.65
Neurodegeneration	activates	disease	0.65
Aging	associated_with	disease	0.65
Als	inhibits	disease	0.65
ALS	activates	disease	0.65
Tumor	associated_with	disease	0.65
Stroke	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Stroke	activates	disease	0.65
Pyroptosis	associated_with	disease	0.65
Als	activates	disease	0.65
Multiple Sclerosis	activates	disease	0.65
Obesity	activates	disease	0.65
Dementia	contributes_to	disease	0.65
Neuroinflammation	activates	disease	0.65

Incoming (822)

Source	Relation	Type	Str
IL-1	encodes	gene	0.00
NLRP3	activates	protein	0.90
Mitochondrial dysfunction-associated senescence	inhibits	phenotype	0.85
NF-κB	upregulates	protein	0.85
IL-17	interacts_with	protein	0.80
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE	associated_with	disease	0.74
ALS	associated_with	disease	0.66
NF-KB	associated_with	protein	0.66
TBK1	expressed_in	gene	0.60
DEPRESSION	inhibits	gene	0.60
STING	expressed_in	gene	0.60
TLR4	inhibits	gene	0.60
MITOPHAGY	inhibits	gene	0.60
NEUROINFLAMMATION	activates	gene	0.60
IRF3	expressed_in	gene	0.60
RELA	activates	gene	0.60
IL-10	associated_with	gene	0.60
WNT	activates	gene	0.60
LDLR	inhibits	gene	0.60
MICROGLIA	activates	gene	0.60
MYELIN	activates	gene	0.60
CYTOKINES	activates	gene	0.60
NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES	activates	gene	0.60
PHAGOCYTOSIS	activates	gene	0.60
TNC	inhibits	gene	0.60
NEAT1	activates	gene	0.60
TNFR1	activates	gene	0.60
DISEASE-ASSOCIATED MICROGLIA	activates	gene	0.60
IRF3	activates	gene	0.60
INFLAMMATION	interacts_with	gene	0.60
ROS	inhibits	gene	0.60
C1Q	activates	gene	0.60
NRF2	activates	gene	0.60
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS	activates	gene	0.60
MITOCHONDRIA	inhibits	gene	0.60
AMPK	inhibits	gene	0.60
ASTROCYTE	expressed_in	gene	0.60
ERK	activates	gene	0.60
JNK	activates	gene	0.60
DEPRESSION	associated_with	gene	0.60
BDNF	associated_with	gene	0.60
PARKINSON	activates	gene	0.60
NAD	activates	gene	0.60
IBA1	expressed_in	gene	0.60
CD14	activates	gene	0.60
ROS	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
APOPTOSIS	expressed_in	gene	0.60
SYN1	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
MITOCHONDRIA	activates	gene	0.60
IRF7	activates	gene	0.60

Targeting Hypotheses (14)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

Hypothesis	Score	Disease	Analysis
TNF-α/IL-1β-Cx43 Hemichannel Axis as Upstream Link Between S	0.663	cell-biology	What is the relative contribution of con
Astrocyte IL-1β as Paracrine Mediator of Microglial Compleme	0.658	neuroinflammation	How does sevoflurane-induced NF-κB activ
IL-10-Producing B10 Cells Establish AQP4-Specific Peripheral	0.648	neuroinflammation	How do B cells mechanistically orchestra
Colonic Th17/IL-17A Axis → Peripheral Immune Recruitment to	0.640	neurodegeneration	What are the mechanisms by which gut mic
NLRP3 Inflammasome Priming Converts SCFA-Sensitive Pyroptosi	0.620	neurodegeneration	How does gut microbiome dysbiosis contri

LRP1/NLRP3/IL-1β Cascade Links Aβ Endocytosis to Inflammasom	0.617	neurodegeneration	How do perivascular cells specifically r
NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibition Prevents Synapse Loss via IL-1	0.610	neurodegeneration	Test Preregistration Analysis
Circulating hs-CRP as Disease-Modifying Target via Microglia	0.565	immunomics	Systemic immune profiling in neurodegene
TYRO3-STAT1 Axis to Preserve Parvalbumin Interneuron Functio	0.506	neuroinflammation	Why do TAM receptors protect against neu
CCR2+ Monocyte Reprogramming via IL-10 Enhancement for CNS I	0.380	immunomics	Systemic immune profiling in neurodegene
CRP-Mediated CCR2+ Monocyte Recruitment Drives Microglial IL	0.380	immunomics	Systemic immune profiling in neurodegene
hs-CRP-Driven CCR2+ Monocyte Recruitment Disrupts CNS Immune	0.357	immunomics	Systemic immune profiling in neurodegene
Combinatorial Il-1α/TNFα/C1q Antagonism with Selective Agoni	0.000	-	Astrocyte Reactivity Subtypes in Neurode
Sequential IL-1α and Complement Receptor Antagonism for Brea	0.000	-	Microglia-astrocyte crosstalk amplificat

Mentioning Analyses (2)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

Blood-brain barrier tight junction disruption by neuroinflammatory cytokines

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-16 | 14 hypotheses Top: 0.806

Microglia-astrocyte crosstalk amplification loops in neurodegeneration

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-01 | 14 hypotheses Top: 0.729

Experiments (2)

Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity

Experiment	Type	Disease	Score	Feasibility	Model	Status	Est. Cost
Network pharmacology analysis of QTJD active compounds and pathways	exploratory	Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumoni	0.900	0.00	computational network analysis	proposed	N/A
IL-10 deficiency and VLC ceramide accumulation in inflammatory bowel d	validation	inflammatory bowel disease	0.900	0.00	IL-10 knockout mice	proposed	N/A

Related Papers (0)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMID	Authors	Journal	Year	Citations
No papers found

Debates (3)

Multi-agent debates referencing this entity

Should PEA-PPARA endocannabinoid signaling be prioritized as a therapeutic strat

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.76 · 2026-04-23

Blood-brain barrier tight junction disruption by neuroinflammatory cytokines

closed · Rounds: 7 · Score: 0.87 · 2026-04-16

Microglia activate astrocytes via IL-1alpha/TNF/C1q, and reactive astrocytes fee

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.90 · 2026-04-06

Related Research

Hypotheses and analyses mentioning IL-1 in their description or question text

LRP1/NLRP3/IL-1β Cascade Links Aβ Endocytosis to Inflammasome Activation and SPP

Score: 0.617 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-22

**Molecular Mechanism and Rationale** The proposed LRP1/NLRP3/IL-1β cascade represents a critical mechanistic link betw

NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibition Prevents Synapse Loss via IL-1β Suppression

Score: 0.610 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-28

NLRP3 inflammasome activation releases IL-1β, driving complement cascade upregulation and synapse elimination. MCC950 or

Circulating hs-CRP as Disease-Modifying Target via Microglial IL-1β Amplificatio

Score: 0.565 · immunomics · 2026-04-25

Circulating hs-CRP as Disease-Modifying Target via Microglial IL-1β Amplification

TYRO3-STAT1 Axis to Preserve Parvalbumin Interneuron Function by Suppressing IL-

Score: 0.506 · neuroinflammation · 2026-04-14

## Mechanistic Overview TYRO3-STAT1 Axis to Preserve Parvalbumin Interneuron Function by Suppressing IL-1β-Mediated Infl

CCR2+ Monocyte Reprogramming via IL-10 Enhancement for CNS Immune Privilege Rest

Score: 0.380 · immunomics · 2026-04-26

Rather than depleting CCR2+ monocytes, this hypothesis proposes reprogramming their phenotype through targeted IL-10 pat

CRP-Mediated CCR2+ Monocyte Recruitment Drives Microglial IL-1β Amplification an

Score: 0.380 · immunomics · 2026-04-27

This hypothesis proposes that circulating hs-CRP directly recruits CCR2+ monocytes to the CNS through upregulation of CC

hs-CRP-Driven CCR2+ Monocyte Recruitment Disrupts CNS Immune Privilege via IL-1β

Score: 0.357 · immunomics · 2026-04-26

Circulating hs-CRP directly triggers CCR2+ monocyte recruitment to the CNS by enhancing CCL2 expression in brain endothe

Combinatorial Il-1α/TNFα/C1q Antagonism with Selective Agonism

Score: 0.000 · unknown disease · 2026-04-28

Simultaneously blocking the classical A1-inducing triad while specifically activating alternative pathways through Nrf2

Sequential IL-1α and Complement Receptor Antagonism for Breaking Neuroinflammato

Score: 0.000 · unknown disease · 2026-04-28

By first blocking IL-1α to prevent initial astrocyte activation, followed by delayed complement receptor (C3aR/C5aR) ant

IL-1

Understanding Entity Pages

Wiki Pages (12)

IL-1α Protein

IL-10 Protein

IL-12 Protein

IL-1 Signaling Pathway in Neurodegeneration

IL-18 - Interleukin-18

Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1β) - Biomarker

IL-1β Protein - Interleukin-1 Beta

IL-1 Beta Protein

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)

IL-18 Protein

IL-1β Protein

IL-18BP Protein

Pathway Diagram

Outgoing (790)

Incoming (822)

Targeting Hypotheses (14)

Mentioning Analyses (2)

Blood-brain barrier tight junction disruption by neuroinflammatory cytokines

Microglia-astrocyte crosstalk amplification loops in neurodegeneration

Experiments (2)

Related Papers (0)

Debates (3)

Should PEA-PPARA endocannabinoid signaling be prioritized as a therapeutic strat

Blood-brain barrier tight junction disruption by neuroinflammatory cytokines

Microglia activate astrocytes via IL-1alpha/TNF/C1q, and reactive astrocytes fee

Related Research

LRP1/NLRP3/IL-1β Cascade Links Aβ Endocytosis to Inflammasome Activation and SPP

NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibition Prevents Synapse Loss via IL-1β Suppression

Circulating hs-CRP as Disease-Modifying Target via Microglial IL-1β Amplificatio

TYRO3-STAT1 Axis to Preserve Parvalbumin Interneuron Function by Suppressing IL-

CCR2+ Monocyte Reprogramming via IL-10 Enhancement for CNS Immune Privilege Rest

CRP-Mediated CCR2+ Monocyte Recruitment Drives Microglial IL-1β Amplification an

hs-CRP-Driven CCR2+ Monocyte Recruitment Disrupts CNS Immune Privilege via IL-1β

Combinatorial Il-1α/TNFα/C1q Antagonism with Selective Agonism

Sequential IL-1α and Complement Receptor Antagonism for Breaking Neuroinflammato